In 2005, trace distance between an ideal quantum state to be distributed and an actually distributed quantum state was introduced as a valid security measure of Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) by R. Renner et al., then it has been perceived that the trace can be interpreted as a maximum failure probability of QKD. While such a perspective has been widely accepted, H. P. Yuen and O. Hirota have b...

Two-step image segmentation algorithm is proposed, which is based on region coherency for the segmentation of color image. The first step is the watershed segmentation, and the next one is the region merging using artificial neural networks. Spatially homogeneous regions are obtained by the first step, but the regions are oversegmented. The second step merges the oversegmented regions. The prop...

1.1 Notations and Hypotheses In the sequel, Ω is a bounded domain in R (N ≥ 2), with a Lipschitz continuous boundary. n is the unit normal to ∂Ω outward to Ω. We denote by x · y the usual Euclidean product of two vectors (x, y) ∈ R × R ; the associated Euclidean norm is written |.|. The Lebesgue measure of a measurable subset E of R is denoted by |E|; σ is the Lebesgue measure on ∂Ω (i.e. the (...

In this paper, Ω is a bounded domain in R (N ≥ 2), with a Lipschitz continuous boundary. The unit normal to ∂Ω outward to Ω is denoted by n. We denote by x·y the usual Euclidean product of two vectors (x, y) ∈ R × R ; the associated Euclidean norm is written |.|. The Lebesgue measure of a measurable subset E in R is denoted by |E|; σ is the Lebesgue measure on ∂Ω (i.e. the (N−1)-dimensional Hau...

Abstractions often introduce infinite traces which have no corresponding traces at the concrete level and can lead to the failure of the verification. Refinement does not always help to eliminate those traces. In this paper, we consider a timer abstraction that introduces a cyclic behaviour on abstract timers and we show how one can exclude cycles by imposing a strong fairness constraint on the...

Grain boundary migration is an important mechanism of microstructural modification both in rocks and in metals. Combining detailed cathodoluminescence (CL) and electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) analysis offers the opportunity to relate directly changes in crystallographic orientation to migrating boundaries. We observe the following features in naturally heated quartz grains from the ther...

Checking that a given finite state program satisfies a linear temporal logic property is suffering in many cases from a severe space and time explosion. One way to cope with this is to reduce the state graph used for model checking. We define an equivalence relation between infinite sequences, based on infinite traces such that for each equivalence class, either all or none of the sequences sat...

It is quite common these days for experts, casual analysts, executives or data enthusiasts, to analyze large datasets using userfriendly interfaces on top of Business Intelligence (BI) systems. However, current BI systems do not adequately detect and characterize user interests, which may lead to tedious and unproductive interactions. In this paper, we propose to identify such user interests by...

Ensuring the correctness of a distributed system is an important challenge. Previously, two interpretations of correctness have been proposed: the first interpretation is about determinism, saying that all infinite fair computation traces produce the same output; and, the second interpretation is a confluence notion, saying that all finite computation traces can still be extended to produce the...

In E-learning, there is still the problem of knowing how to ensure an individualized and continuous learner‟s follow-up during learning process, indeed among the numerous tools proposed, very few systems concentrate on a real time learner‟s follow-up. Our work in this field develops the design and implementation of a Multi-Agents System Based on Dynamic Case Based Reasoning which can initiate l...