The effects of globalization on income distribution within rich and poor countries are a matter of controversy. While international trade theory in its most abstract formulation implies that increased trade and foreign investment should make income distribution more equal in poor countries and less equal in rich countries, finding these effects has proved elusive. The paper presents another att...

A number of theoretical models predict that the slope of the Phillips curve increases with trade openness, but cross-country studies provide little evidence for such a correlation. We highlight two reasons for this …nding. Firstly, the strength of the relationship may depend on the extent of exchange rate adjustment, which is a potential determinant of output and in‡ation dynamics in open econo...

[Context and motivation] Open innovation is becoming an important strategy in software development. Following this strategy, software companies are increasingly opening up their platforms to third-party products for extension and completion. [Question / problem] Opening up software platforms to thirdparty applications often involves difficult trade-offs between openness requirements and critica...

The chapter begins by pointing out that external opening, which here means reductions in barriers to international trade, still has a long way to go. It reviews the evidence on the economic benefits from integration. It reports an econometric attempt to address a major concern regarding simultaneous causality between growth and trade: does openness lead to growth, or does growth lead to opennes...