Recently acknowledged central constructs of psychological capital (consisting of the positive psychological resources; resilience, optimism, hope, and efficacy) has been demonstrated to be related to various employee attitude, behavioral, and performance outcomes. In this study, positive central constructs of psychological capital have been conceptually and empirically demonstrated to be relate...

T his paper is an attempt investigating the relationship between sanctions implications and geographical shift in trading partners. To this end, we analyze separately foreign trade patterns of two countries namely Iran and Russia - which are under imposed sanctions experience - with two United Nations Regional Groups (The Asia-Pacific and the Western European groups)  using a gravity...

Though transactive memory systems (TMS) help improve group performance by increasing the ability of groups to coordinate and specialize, little work has investigated under what conditions TMS is more or less helpful for a group. Past work has explored ways that TMS can be disabled, such as through member turnover, but both turnover and role change after turnover could alter a group’s ability or...

In this paper, based on the literature review, an investigation about Chinese enterprises’ talent recruitment in enterprise innovation activities has been carried out more than 10 provinces of China in 2009. We found that: (1) the positive personnel turnover does not fully serve the innovation projects; (2) new employees are mainly graduates and bachelors, and enterprises emphasize loyalty and ...

This study examines the determinants of non-routine CEO departure in a comprehensive sample of UK listed firms between 1990 and 1995. It looks at whether the Cadbury Report, published in December 1992 has had an impact on the agency problem of managerial entrenchment. I find a strong negative relationship between firm performance and the probability of non-routine CEO departure, with evidence t...

This paper investigates the liquidity effect in asset pricing by studying the liquiditypremium relationship of an American Depositary Receipt (ADR) and its underlying share. Using the Amihud (2002) measure, the turnover ratio and trading infrequency as proxies for liquidity, we show that a higher ADR premium is associated with higher ADR liquidity and lower home share liquidity, in terms of cha...

The two-electron mixed-valent complex Rh(2)(0,II)(tfepma)(2)(CN(t)Bu)(2)Cl(2) (tfepma = CH(3)N[P(OCH(2)CF(3))(2)](2)) photocatalytically splits HCl to generate H(2). Whereas this catalyst degrades rapidly, with H(2) production ceasing after about 36 hours (3 turnovers), a modified complex, Rh(2)(0,II)(tfepma)(2)(CNAd)(2)Cl(2) (CNAd = 1-adamantylisocyanide) displays enhanced stability with susta...

A mathematical model of operant choice, the generalized matching law was used to analyze play-calling data from the 2004 National Football League season. In all analyses, the relative ratio of passing to rushing plays was examined as a function of the relative ratio of reinforcement, defined as yards gained, from passing versus rushing. Different analyses focused on season-aggregate data for th...