Psychological contracts theory is applied to the study of faculty-doctoral student collaborations. Through a survey of 170 doctoral students, four types of psychological contracts are investigated. The quality of collaboration and frequency of meetings are found to differ significantly across these contract types. In addition, quality of collaboration and meeting frequency varied significantly ...

This study investigated two major types of metadiscourse markers as used in typical sales contracts, written by English natives and Iranian non-natives. In so doing, 60 sales contracts were selected, 30 written by native English and 30 by Iranian non-natives. Based on Hyland and Tse’s taxonomy, the contracts were codified and classified in terms of the frequency and percentage of the interactiv...

We set the basis for a theory of testing for distributed transactions in service oriented systems where each service definition is decorated with a transactional attribute (inspired by the Java Transaction API). Transaction attributes discipline how services are executed with respect to the transactional scope of the invoking party. We define a language of observers and show that, in general, t...

INTRODUCTION Young women aged 15 to 24 years in sub-Saharan Africa continue to be disproportionately affected by HIV. A growing number of studies have suggested that the practice of transactional sex may in part explain women's heightened risk, but evidence on the association between transactional sex and HIV has not yet been synthesized. We set out to systematically review studies that assess ...

Structured Transaction Definition Language (STDL) is a language for distributed transaction processing, developed by the Multivendor Integration Architecture consortium. STDL is a block-structured language, specialized for transaction processing. It is designed for application portability across multiple STDL implementations on different vendors’ transaction processing systems. This paper descr...

abstract this article aims to provide theoretical model for analyzing challenge of asymmetric information in the third sector of economy (which is the most important challenge, preventing the growth and development of third sector), using the theoretical foundation of contract theory and incentive theory with regard to the special characteristics of third sector derived by its special structure...