pod borer is one of the main factors for yield decrease of chickpea. therefore, breeding of chickpea for resistance to this pest is important. modified cry1ac gene of bacillus thuringiensis in pcry1ac-nptii plasmid containing twin t-dna for cry1ac and nptii genes have been used for transformation of chickpea. at last 38 plants had nptii gene that 36 plants of them had cry1ac gene and two plants...

one of the important technical obstacles in the study of many filamentous fungi is the development of efficient transformation system. transformation of filamentous fungi is difficult because they have a cell wall and for most frequently used approaches preparing of protoplast is necessary. protoplast preparation is batch-dependent and often frustrating work. in this study, a modified method wa...

here, the concept of quantum potential that has been illustrated in extended phase space (eps) in previous works is explored for its marginal behavior. unlike in configuration space, different representations of the quantum mechanics can be found in eps when exploiting appropriate canonical transformations. these canonical transformations revealed that there exist several representations in whi...

agrobacterium tumefaciens mediated transformation may offer a better alternative than the biolistic gun for genetic transformation of maize plants. this gene delivery system results in a greater proportion of stable, low-copy number transgenic events than does the biolistic gun, and is highly efficient. in the present work, we studied maize transformation using a. tumefaciens by identifying som...

single-walled carbon nanotubes (swcnt) and multi-walled carbon nanotubes(mwcnt) were melt-blended with polyvinylidene fluoride (pvdf).ft-ir technique revealed that swcnt has insignificant effect on the crystalline structure of pvdf and at 3wt% modification only 14% beta crystal isformed. this observation was accounted for by the chair structure of swcnt. in mwcnt nancomposites it was found that...

Bit rate control allows the transformation of a variable rate bit stream into a constant bit rate one for storage or transmission using devices with fixed bandwidth. In this paper, a constant bit rate MPEG 2 coder is analysed and, based in this analysis, several considerations are presented regarding the development of a constant bit rate control algorithm.

Many researchers have developed various methods for in-planta or floral dip transformation of Arabidopsis thaliana, one of the simple protocol and widely used to produce transgenic Arabidopsis. As the efficiency and ease of getting a transformant is very much time consuming effort and less number of the transformants people get, we have developed a little modified transformation protocol to avo...

in this research, the high-energy planetary mill was employed to produce nanocrystalline ti-50al(γ)(at%) powders. initial powders were mechanically alloyed in 99.9999% and 90% purities of argon and also air atmosphere with alloying times up to 50h. the effect of impurity of argon atmosphere on the microstructure and the rate of phase transformation of ti-50al were investigated during mechanical...

Kinetic dependence of martensitic transformation and properties changes in Fe-24%Ni5%Mo alloys with different carbon content have been obtained. Internal friction method was used for the precise investigation of structural changes after austenization, during martensitic transformation at sub zero temperature and during the postheat. The influence: (i) of frequency of oscillations, (ii) rate of ...

The context transformation and generalized context transformation methods, we introduced recently, were able to reduce zero order entropy by exchanging digrams, and as a consequence, they were removing mutual information between consecutive symbols of the input message. These transformations were intended to be used as a preprocessor for zero-order entropy coding algorithms like Arithmetic or H...