Retinoic acid and transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) affect differentiation, proliferation and carcinogenesis of epithelial cells. The effect of both compounds on the proliferation of cells of the hormone sensitive human breast cancer cell line (ER+) MCF-7 was assessed in the presence of estradiol and tamoxifen. The assay was based on [3H]thymidine incorporation and the proliferative ac...

Mechanisms of articular cartilage growth and maturation have been elucidated by studying composition-function dynamics during in vivo development and in vitro culture with stimuli such as insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-beta1). This study tested the hypothesis that IGF-1 and TGF-beta1 regulate immature cartilage compressive moduli and Poisson's ra...

Transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) has been implicated to play an important role both in the process of normal development and in the pathogenesis of a wide variety of disease processes, including those of the kidney. TGF-β1 regulates diverse cellular functions via a heteromeric signaling complex of two transmembrane serine/threonine kinase receptors (types I and II). Several distinct type ...

OBJECTIVE To determine whether transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-beta1) improves early ligament healing. DESIGN Experimental, controlled study of medial collateral ligaments (MCLs) in rabbits' knees. SETTING Research laboratory. SUBJECTS Sixteen skeletally mature, New Zealand White female rabbits. INTERVENTIONS Ten rabbits had a standardized gap injury made in the MCL of both knees...

Transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1) plays an important role in the fibrogenic process in the liver. The aim of the present study was to explore the action of TGF-beta1 on fibronectin expression in rat hepatic stem-like cells and the underlying mechanisms. The level of fibronectin expression was determined in hepatic stem-like cells (WB cells) before and after TGF-beta1 stimulation by R...

Abbreviations: 1,2-dimyristyloxypropyl-3-dimethyl-hydroxyl ethyl ammonium bromide, (DMRIE); activation protein-1, (AP-1); Basement membranes, (BM); colony stimulating factor (CSF), dioleoylphosphatidyl ethanolamine, (DOPE); fibroblast growth factor, (FGF); growth hormone, (GH); Hepatocyte growth factor, (HGF); insulin-like growth factor-I, (IGF-I); interleukin-1, (IL-1); interleukin-6, (IL-6); ...

Cartilage growth may involve alterations in the balance between the swelling tendency of proteoglycans and the restraining function of the collagen network. Growth factors, including IGF-I, TGF-beta1, BMP-7, and PDGF-AB, regulate chondrocyte metabolism and, consequently, may regulate cartilage growth. Immature bovine articular cartilage explants from the superficial and middle zones were incuba...

To investigate mechanisms of apical sorting in the secretory pathway of epithelial cells, we expressed varying amounts of the 165 amino acid isoform of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF(165)) and transforming growth factor beta1 (TGF-beta1) via replication defective adenoviruses. Apical sorting of both proteins was efficient at low expression levels but saturated or was reversed at high ...

We have examined the effects of transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-beta 1) on the growth of paired murine melanoma cell clones that differ with respect to their experimental metastatic potential. Neither poorly (clone 16) nor highly (clone M2) metastatic cells were capable of anchorage-independent growth in 0.3% agar/Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium in the absence of serum. However, both ...