The vacuolar-type H(+)-pyrophosphatase (H(+)-PPase) catalyzes a coupled reaction of pyrophosphate (PPi) hydrolysis and active proton translocation across the tonoplast. Overexpression of H(+)-PPase improves growth in various plant species, and loss-of-function mutants (fugu5s) of H(+)-PPase in Arabidopsis thaliana have post-germinative developmental defects. Here, to further clarify the physiol...

Fig 1: Comparison of the depth dose profiles of proton and photon beams. The photon dose falls off exponentially with depth (green curve). A mono-energetic proton beam is characteriled by the presence of the Bragg peak in the region where the protons stop (red profile). Through the superposition (blue curve) of many proton beams of different residual range it is possible to deposit a homogenous...

Superconducting RF technology is playing a more and more important roles in high-power proton linacs. Zerocurrent periodic phase advance less than 90 degrees and equipartitioning design are considered very important principles in the linac design. Due to the very high construction and operation costs, it is very important to optimize the design to lower the costs. With the technical advancement...

Objective(s): Investigation of acute effect on cellular bioenergetics provides the opportunity to characterize the possible adverse effects of drugs more comprehensively. This study aimed to investigate the changes in biochemical and biophysical properties of heart mitochondria induced by captopril and nifedipine antihypertensive treatment. Materials and Methods: Male, 12-week-old Wistar rats i...

Abbreviations: RAVE, regulator of ATPase of vacuoles and endosomes; V-ATPase, vacuolar H-ATPase; SGA, synthetic genetic analysis; BCECF-AM, 2',7'-bis-(2-carboxyethyl)-5-(and-6)carboxyfluorescein, acetoxymethyl ester; YEPD, yeast extract-peptone-dextrose medium; SC, fully supplemented minimal medium ABSTRACT The RAVE complex is implicated in V-ATPase assembly and activity. In yeast, rav1∆ mutant...

P4-ATPases define a eukaryotic subfamily of the P-type ATPases, and are responsible for transverse flip specific lipids from extracellular or luminal leaflet to cytosolic cell membranes. The enzymatic cycle ATPases is divided into autophosphorylation dephosphorylation half-reactions. Unlike most other transport their substrate during only, i.e. phosphorylation half-reaction not associated with ...

The feasibility of extracting particles from the halo of a circulating proton beam using a bent silicon crystal has been demonstrated experimentally at the SPS for a beam energy of 120 GeV. Presently studies are conducted to understand the extraction mechanisms and the measured efficiencies. In particular the contribution of multi-pass extraction, where the particles can pass through the crysta...

In this article, I reflect on research on two ATPases. The first is F(1)F(0)-ATPase, also known as ATP synthase. It is the terminal enzyme in oxidative phosphorylation and famous as a nanomotor. Early work on mitochondrial enzyme involved purification in large amount, followed by deduction of subunit composition and stoichiometry and determination of molecular sizes of holoenzyme and individual...

Acoustic neutrino detection is a promising approach to instrument the large detector volumes needed for the detection of the small neutrino fluxes expected at ultra-high energies (E 1 EeV). We report on several studies investigating the feasibility of such an acoustic detector. High-precision lab measurements using laser and proton beams aiming at the verification of the thermo-acoustic model h...

The purpose of this study was to determine the maximum proton kinetic energy required to treat a given percentage of patients eligible for stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) with coplanar arc-based proton therapy, contingent upon the number and location of gantry angles used. Treatment plans from 100 consecutive patients treated with SRS at the University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center between...