Standard depth tomography methods often do not converge, converge slowly, or converge to a model that is geologically unrealistic. By using dip based steering filters rather than standard isotropic regularization operators, convergence speed and final model quality are improved. By formulating the tomography operator in two-way vertical traveltime (τ ,ξ) rather than in depth (z,x) coordinates, ...

Ray-based reflection tomography has become widely used as a tool for updating velocity models in depth imaging. Historically, development of ray-based tomography for depth imaging followed two separate methodologies. Early ray-based tomography was based on differences in traveltime observed between modeled data and actual seismic data (Bishop et al, 1983). As technology for imaging in complex a...

In general, Green’s functions obtained with seismic interferometry are only estimates of the true Green’s function, introducing uncertainties to the information recovered from them. However, there are still many cases in which the sourcereceiver geometries are suitable for seismic interferometry, usually allowing the recovery of kinematic information. Here we show how to use the singular value ...

v. dannon showed that spherical curves in e4 can be given by frenet-like equations, and he thengave an integral characterization for spherical curves in e4 . in this paper, lorentzian spherical timelike andspacelike curves in the space time 41 r are shown to be given by frenet-like equations of timelike andspacelike curves in the euclidean space e3 and the minkowski 3-space 31 r . thus, finding...