There is a debate in the literature about whether the low- and high-frequency peaks of physiological finger tremor are caused by resonance or central drive. One way to address this issue is to examine the consequences of eliminating, as far as possible, the resonant properties or the voluntary drive. To study the effect of minimizing resonance, finger tremor was recorded under isometric conditi...

BACKGROUND Focal treatment of Parkinson's disease tremor by botulinum toxin type A incobotulinumtoxinA (BoNT-A) injections has been inadequately investigated and at best provides modest relief with significant muscle weakness. Complexity of multi-joint tremulous movements results in non-individualized dosing regimens. This 38-week open-label study used kinematic technology to guide muscle selec...

background & objectives: neutrophils are the most important member of granulocytes & the first line of host defence against micro-organisms. they kill micro-organisms entering the body by phagocytic activity. one of the important phases of phagocytic activity is respiratory burst which can be effected by different drugs such as cimetidine. in this study the effects of cimetidine on respiratory ...

Quantitative assessment of parkinsonian tremor based on inertial sensors can provide reliable feedback on the effect of medication. In this regard, the features of parkinsonian tremor and its unique properties such as motor fluctuations and dyskinesia are taken into account. Least-square-estimation models are used to assess the severities of rest, postural, and action tremors. In addition, a ti...

Deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) and antiparkinsonian medication have proved to be effective treatments for tremor in Parkinson's disease. To date it is not known how and to what extent STN DBS alone and in combination with antiparkinsonian medication alters the pathophysiology of resting and postural tremor in idiopathic Parkinson's disease. The purpose of this stu...

OBJECTIVES To determine whether factors associated with postural tremor operate by altering muscle interstitial K(+). METHODS An experimental approach was used to investigate the effects of procedures designed to increase or decrease interstitial K(+). Postural physiological tremor was measured by conventional means. Brief periods of ischaemic muscle activity were used to increase muscle inte...

OBJECTIVE Tremor is a core symptom of Parkinson's disease (PD). The subthalamic nucleus (STN) seems to be crucial for tremor pathophysiology considering that deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the STN leads to an effective reduction of Parkinsonian tremor. Here, we investigate the functional connectivity between STN neurons in patients with Parkinsonian tremor. METHODS STN activity was analyzed ...

Tremor can dominate Parkinson's disease and yet responds less well to dopaminergic medications than do other cardinal symptoms of this condition. Deep brain stimulation can provide striking tremor relief, but the introduction of stimulating electrodes deep in the substance of the brain carries significant risks, including those of hemorrhage. Here, we pioneer an alternative approach in which we...

BACKGROUND Patients presenting with asymmetrical postural tremor with or without mild rest tremor may be diagnosed as having essential tremor (ET), although there is considerable diagnostic uncertainty as to the long term outcome of these patients. OBJECTIVE In this study, retrospective observations were made on 13 patients presenting originally with asymmetrical postural tremor, initially th...