Ketamine cystitis (KC) is a chronic bladder inflammation leading to urinary urgency, frequency, and pain. The pathogenesis of KC complicated involves multiple tissue injuries in the bladder. Recent studies indicated that urothelium disruption, lamina propria fibrosis inflammation, microvascular injury, neuropathological alterations, smooth muscle (BSM) abnormalities all contribute KC. has been ...

Cytokines have been implicated as immunological effector molecules that mediate beta cell destruction associated with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. In this report we demonstrate that the cytokine combination of human recombinant interleukin 1 beta (IL-1 beta), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), and interferon gamma (IFN-gamma) induces the formation of nitric oxide by human islets. ...

The purpose of the study was to determine the inhibitory effects of Lactobacillus fermentum Suo (LF-Suo) on HCl/ethanol induced gastric injury in ICR (Institute for Cancer Research) mice and explain the mechanism of these effects through the molecular biology activities of LF-Suo. The studied mice were divided into four groups: healthy, injured, LF-Suo-L and LF-Suo-H group. After the LF-Suo int...

Inhibition of tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), levels of which are increased in the blood of cirrhotic rats, prevents hyperdynamic circulatory state, mainly by decreasing the vascular overproduction of nitric oxide. Hepatopulmonary syndrome, which is characterised by intrapulmonary vascular dilatation and increased alveolar to arterial oxygen tension difference (PA-a,O2), is mainly rel...

Immune control of many intracellular pathogens, including Trypanosoma cruzi, is reported to be dependent on the production of nitric oxide. In this study, we show that mice deficient in inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS or NOS2) exhibit resistance to T. cruzi infection that is comparable to that of wild-type mice. This is the case for two iNOS-deficient mouse strains, Nos2(tm1Lau) and Nos2 ...

Codiaeum variegatum has been widely investigated for its biological proprieties ranging from the antiamoebic potential to phytochemical analysis. The aim of present study was evaluate anti-inflammatory C. leaf extracts and fractions. A primary macrophage culture activated by Saccharomyces cereviseae (SC) used cell cytotoxicity plant Macrophages were treated with different concentrations (0.1; 1...

The role of surfactant-associated protein (SP) A in the mediation of pulmonary responses to bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was assessed in vivo with SP-A gene-targeted [SP-deficient; SP-A(-/-)] and wild-type [SP-A(+/+)] mice. Concentrations of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, macrophage inflammatory protein-2, and nitric oxide were determined in recovered bronchoalveolar lavage fluid afte...

The aim of this study was to evaluate the probiotic properties lactic acid bacteria (LAB) isolated from kimchi and antioxidant anti-inflammatory activities heat-killed LAB strains. Regarding properties, Lactiplantibacillus plantarum SMF398 L. SMF470 can survive under artificial gastric condition adhere strongly HT-29 cells. strains showed strong antimicrobial activity co-aggregation against pat...