This paper proposes automatic representations of spatial relationships among photos for structure analysis and review of a photographic subject. Based on camera tracking, photos are shown in a 3D virtual reality space to represent global spatial relationships. At the same time, the spatial relationships between two of the photos are represented in slide show sequences. This proposal allows peop...

1 This research was supported by the National Science Foundation under grant CCR-99-80590 Abstract – In recent years, iterative processing techniques with soft-in/soft-out (SISO) components have received considerable attention. Such techniques, based on the socalled turbo principle, are exemplified through turbo decoding, turbo equalization and turbo multiuser detection. In this paper, turbo mu...

Video transmission over the multi-path fading wireless channel has to overcome the inherent vulnerability of compressed video to the channel errors. To effectively prevent the corruption of video stream and its propagation in spatial and temporal domain, proactive error controls are widely being deployed. Among possible candidates, turbo code is known to exhibit superior error correction perfor...

This paper presents a Turbo Multiuser Detector for Turbo-Coded DS-CDMA systems, based on the utilization of a PIC and a bank of turbo decoders, in which the PIC performs interference cancellation after each constituent decoder of the turbo decoding scheme. Moreover, the soft output of turbo decoders are used iteratively to improve the updating step of the channel parameter estimation which is f...

Protecting short frames using turbo coding is a challenging task because of the small interleave size and the need for transmission efficiency. In this paper, we explore possible trade-off between power consumption (estimated by the average number of iterations) and performance of turbo decoders when short frame turbo codes are used. Three encoding/decoding schemes are proposed to improve perfo...

Wireless data transmission results in frequency and phase offsets of the signal in the receiver. In addition, the received symbols are corrupted by noise. Therefore, synchronization and channel coding are vital parts of each receiver in digital communication systems. By combining the phase and frequency synchronization with an advanced iterative channel decoder (inner loop) e.g. turbo codes in ...

This report presents information on modeling and implementation of turbo codes. Turbo coding is a very powerful error correction technique that has made a tremendous impact on channel coding in the last few years. It outperforms all previously known coding schemes by achieving near Shannon limit error correction using simple component codes and large interleavers. The use of turbo codes enhance...

This is a tutorial paper meant to introduce the reader to the new concept of turbo codes. This is a new and very powerful error correction technique which outperforms all previous known coding schemes. It can be used in any communication system where a significant power saving is required or the operating signal–to–noise ratio is very low. Deep space communications, mobile satellite/cellular co...

Turbo Codes are very flexible codes and it can be considered as one of the great achievements in the field of communication systems. Turbo Codes have been adopted for wireless digital communication system and they remain unaffected even under heavy traffic situation. The MAX-Log MAP Algorithm which performs necessary computation in Log domain has the capacity to reduce hardware complexity. Majo...

In this paper, we derive bit error performance bounds for turbo codes on Nakagami fading channels with diversity combining. We first derive the average pairwise error probability expressions for turbo codes with maximal ratio combining (MRC), equal gain combining (EGC), and selection combining (SC) on Nakagami fading channels. Using the pairwise error probability expressions and the union bound...