The present study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of different levels (0%, 20%, 25%, and 30%) wheat flour on quality characteristics chicken meatball. After formulation, samples were stored at -20˚C temperature for 60 days analyzed 15th day, 30th 45th day 60th day. products various sensory (color, flavor, texture, Juiciness, tenderness, overall acceptability), physicochemical (proximate a...

Sodium (Na) reduction and replacement were evaluated in traditional South African sausages (boerewors). The Na levels adjusted to contain the inclusion limits of regulations for 2017 2019, on its own combination with different replacers (KCl K-lactate). effect these treatments was terms chemical (ash, NaCl, Na, chloride contents, pH, water activity ( <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/Mat...

This paper assesses the full-scale The Princess Royal vessel Underwater Radiated Noise (URN) characteristics using a CFD method. Also, cavitation extensions and propeller hydrodynamic are explored over wide range of operating conditions. numerical calculations were carried out hybrid method combining DES permeable formulation FWH equation. In calculations, two different noise surfaces encapsula...

In order to understand how attention affects visual processing, we investigated the degree to which attention effects can be accounted for by increases in the contrast gain of the contrast response function, CRF (represented by an increase in effective contrast) vs. increases in the response gain (represented by an overall amplification of response). To this end, we used a dual-task paradigm to...

BACKGROUND Few studies have reported on the effectiveness of the washing and disinfection methods used in cattle markets in Ireland. Purchasing cattle into recipient herds poses a high biosecurity risk due to the possibility of introducing disease. In Ireland, livestock markets are an important intermediary in the movement of cattle to new herds. Thus disease control strategies need to consider...

This thesis is a study of the odour responses of insect olfactory (or odorant) receptor neurons (ORN) of blowfly (Calliphora vicina), mosquito (Aedes communis), fruitflies (Drosophila melanogaster and D. virilis) and large pine weevil (Hylobius abietis). A power-law dependence (similar to Stevens' law in psychophysics) was obtained for the action potential rate of ORN responses vs. odour concen...

BACKGROUND Food spoilage is a process in which the quality parameters decrease and products are no longer edible. This is a cumulative effect of bacteria growth and their metabolite production, which is a factor limiting shelf life. Thus, the aim of the study was to evaluate whether microbiological growth models for total viable count (TVC) and Clostridium strain bacteria are reliable tools for...

A theoretical analysis of the new Keynesian Phillips curve (NKPC) is provided, formulating the conditions under which the NKPC coincides with a real-world relation that is not spurious or misspecified. A time-varying-coefficient (TVC) model, involving only observed variables, is shown to exactly represent the underlying “true” NKPC under certain conditions. In contrast, “hybrid” NKPC models, wh...