Nilsson (1981) proposed power relationships connecting changes in traffic speeds with changes in road crashes at various levels of injury severity. Increases in fatal crashes are related to the 4(th) power of the increase in mean speed, increases in serious casualty crashes (those involving death or serious injury) according to the 3(rd) power, and increases in casualty crashes (those involving...

BACKGROUND Although the negative effects of roads on the genetics of animal populations have been extensively reported, the question of whether roads reduce gene flow in volant, urban bird populations has so far not been addressed. In this study, we assess whether highways decreased gene flow and genetic variation in a small passerine bird, the tree sparrow (Passer montanus). METHODOLOGY We a...

The Government of Burkina Faso has recently been conducting important macroeconomic changes, aiming at encouraging the economic growth of the country. In order to maintain this growth, the Government has put in place a transportation program to improve the efficiency and safety of the road network. This paper documents the study carried out in 2000 on the safety improvement of rural roads in Bu...

12 Agricultural activities mainly occur in rural areas; recently, ecological conservation 13 and biological diversity are being emphasized in rural communities to promote 14 sustainable development for rural communities, especially for rural communities in 15 Taiwan. Therefore, since 2005, many rural communities in Taiwan have compiled 16 their own development strategies in order to create thei...

The empirical study assessed the connection between Political Decentralization and Countryside Roads Upkeep in Kanungu District western Uganda. investigation utilized an exploratory descriptive inquiry design with quantitative qualitative models. A sample of 104 respondents were carefully chosen from 113 persons using Slovene’s formula. Information was gathered by means questionnaires interview...