The acceleration of interstellar pick-up ions as well as solar wind species has been observed at a multitude of interplanetary (IP) shocks by different spacecraft. The efficiency of injection of the pick-up ion component differs from that of the solar wind, and is expected to be strongly enhanced at highly oblique and quasi-perpendicular shock events, in accord with inferences from in situ obse...

[1] Observations of solar wind from both large polar coronal holes (PCHs) during Ulysses’ third orbit showed that the fast solar wind was slightly slower, significantly less dense, cooler, and had less mass and momentum flux than during the previous solar minimum (first) orbit. In addition, while much more variable, measurements in the slower, in-ecliptic wind match quantitatively with Ulysses ...

Ulysses measurements have confirmed that there is no significant gradient with respect to heliomagnetic latitude in the radial component, Br , of the interplanetary magnetic field. There are two processes responsible for this observation. In the corona, the plasma β is 1, except directly above streamers, so both longitudinal and latitudinal (meridional) gradients in field strength will relax, d...

Voyager 2 and Ulysses were at nearly the same latitude in the southern heliosphere at the beginning of 1999 and their radial separation was about 55 AU. The e ect of pickup ions should be profound at Voyager's position, especially, the deceleration of the solar wind ow. This unique opportunity allows us to investigate the e ect of pickup ions based on direct multi-spacecraft observations. The U...

Dual-frequency ranging measurements were recorded for a three-week interval during the 1995 solar conjunction of the Ulysses spacecraft. The unusual occultation geometry resulting from the high inclinationUlysses orbit enabled coronal radio sounding from the solar South Pole to the heliographic equator at solar ray path offsets near 0.1 AU. The electron column density along the line-of-sight be...

Measurements of the charge states of solar wind ions by the SWICS instrument on Ulysses are used to place limits on the extent to which the velocity distribution of electrons in the lower solar corona deviates from a Maxwellian distribution by having a suprathermal tail. It is found that the data are consistent with a suprathermal tail which is not large, and which has a minor influence on the ...

[1] The solar storms of late October, early November 2003 generated many ICMEs. The Wind, ACE, Ulysses, Cassini, Voyager 2, and Voyager 1 spacecraft are distributed throughout the heliosphere and observe the effects of these ICMEs. We investigate whether these ICMEs form a global merged interaction region. WIND, ACE, and IMP 8 data are combined to produce a plasma and magnetic field data set fo...

The abundance of He in the present day local interstellar cloud (LIC) and in the sun has important implications for the study of galactic evolution and for estimating the production of light nuclei in the early universe. Data from the Solar Wind Ion Composition Spectrometer (SWICS) on Ulysses is used to measure the isotopic ratio of helium (He=He = Γ) both in the solar wind and the local inters...

We present direct evidence that magnetic clouds (MCs) have highly flattened and curved cross section resulting from their interaction with the ambient solar wind. Lower limits on the transverse size are obtained for three MCs observed by ACE and Ulysses from the latitudinal separation between the two spacecraft, ranging from 40 to 70. The cross-section aspect ratio of the MCs is estimated to be...