Recognition, acknowledgment, and acceptance of biases in a nonjudgmental manner is key to advancing knowledge avoiding biased behaviors. Unconscious do not mean people are bad, they those who raised or educated us bad people. They lessons were learned that unconsciously affect decision-making. Awareness management implicit bias critical successful growth as diverse, equitable, inclusive teams. ...

This article reviews a diverse set of proposals for dual processing in higher cognition within largely disconnected literatures in cognitive and social psychology. All these theories have in common the distinction between cognitive processes that are fast, automatic, and unconscious and those that are slow, deliberative, and conscious. A number of authors have recently suggested that there may ...

Often overlooked in management theory and education, how leaders function in an intrapersonal sense—the “inner game” of leadership—is pivotal. We develop this idea in a specific application by describing how psychological wounds sensitize executives to be anxious about getting hurt again. These vigilant and unconscious concerns distort perceptions of organizational reality and lead to unnecessa...

The use of organ extracts to treat psychiatric disorder in the interwar period is an episode in the history of psychiatry which has largely been forgotten. An analysis of case-notes from The Maudsley Hospital from the period 1923-1938 shows that the prescription of extracts taken from animal testes, ovaries, thyroids, and other organs was widespread within this London Hospital. This article exp...