Developing or improving enterprise interoperability implies that the level or degree of interoperability is evaluated and causes identified and analysed. This paper tentatively presents the basic concepts relating to the measurement of the degree of interoperability. The degree of interoperability of an enterprise can be characterized by three types of measures: interoperability potentiality, c...

This glossary defines terms used in the comparatively young science of medical informatics. It is hoped that it will be of interest to both novices and professionals in the field.

This paper critically examines the perceived threat of ‘climate refugees’ and ‘climate conflict’. It locates the ideological roots of these concepts in development theories and policy narratives about demographically induced migration, environmental refugees and environmental security. While alarmist rhetoric around climate refugees and conflict has been deployed by a variety of actors, includi...

SUMMARY This paper deals with the basic principles of the new FEM software package FEAST. Based on an initial discussion of available software tools with respect to their application area, i.e., Education, Research or (industrial) Application, it illustrates the speciic demands for such PDE software which is aimed to solve 'real life' problems. For the FEAST software, which is principally desig...

Behavioral endocrinology is the scientific study of the interaction between hormones and behavior. This interaction is bidirectional: hormones can affect behavior, and behavior can feedback to influence hormone concentrations. Hormones are chemical messengers released from endocrine glands that influence the nervous system to regulate the physiology and behavior of individuals. Over evolutionar...

Predicting fluid responsiveness, the response of stroke volume to fluid loading, is a relatively novel concept that aims to optimise circulation, and as such organ perfusion, while avoiding futile and potentially deleterious fluid administrations in critically ill patients. Dynamic parameters have shown to be superior in predicting the response to fluid loading compared with static cardiac fill...

The Gaia methodology (Wooldridge et al., 2000) has been the rst complete methodology for the analysis and design of multiagent systems. However, the original version of Gaia su ered from the limitations of being suitable for the analysis and design of closed multiagent systems and of adopting non-standard notation techniques. For these reasons, several extensions to the basic Gaia methodology h...

The first one can represent, for example, the number 3 (in binary) and the second one the number 7. In general three physical bits can be prepared in 2 = 8 different configurations that can represent, for example, the integers from 0 to 7. However, a register composed of three classical bits can store only one number at a given moment of time. Enter qubits and quantum registers: A qubit is a qu...