SUMMARY. New analytical and computational results on the static and dynamic response of ne-matic elastomers to applied electric fields and mechanical loads are reviewed, and compared with the available experimental evidence. 1 INTRODUCTION Nematic elastomers display a peculiar mechanical response arising from the interplay between the electro-optical properties of liquid crystals and the elasti...

AIM OF THE STUDY It has been well shown by human and animal studies that mechanical load is an important regulator of skeletal mass and architecture. However, cellular reactions which adapt bone tissue to the mechanical environment are not definitively determined. For this purpose we studied the cell activity of human bone derived cell cultures after mechanical stimulation by cyclic, uniaxial s...

Actin stress fibers (SFs) of cells cultured on cyclically stretched substrate tend to reorient in the direction in which a normal strain of substrate becomes zero. However, little is known about the mechanism of this reorientation. Here we investigated the effects of cyclic stretch waveform on SF reorientation in osteoblastic cells. Cells adhering to silicone membranes were subjected to cyclic ...

Anisotropic elasticity and inelasticity is of relevance in many practical applications. The Eulerian formulation for anisotropic elastic inelastic response based on microstructural vectors used here to model an injection-moulded low-density polyethylene. In contrast with Lagrangian models inelasticity, the insensitive arbitrariness reference intermediate configurations as well measures total de...

The stress-strain response of pristine monolayer graphene under uniaxial loading/unloading over a more extensive size range (100 nm×100 nm) is studied by molecular dynamics simulations, which proves that perfectly elastic prior to the failure strain. Young’s modulus calculated selecting different strain ranges in region. It found strongly dependent on range. When selected are increased from 0.5...

Dynamic light scattering from orientational order fluctuations in a liquid crystalline tetrapode reveals successive, weakly first-order isotropic to uniaxial and uniaxial to biaxial nematic phase transitions. The order parameter relaxation rates exhibit temperature dependences consistent with Landau-de Gennes mean field theory. Combined with previous evidence of a second-order uniaxial-biaxial ...

In present study, the dynamics of stretching-stretching and stretching-bending entanglement in H2O are studied with considering the inherent decoherence process. It is shown that the excitation in the bending vibration can lead to the decrease of the generation rate of stretching-stretching entanglement for the non-superposed state and the degeneration of entanglement for the initial entangled ...

Well-designed stretching-dominated lattices can form elastic metamaterials with high specific stiffness and strength. Their strongly anisotropic unstable nonlinear mechanical properties, however, limit their application to energy absorption. In contrast, bending-dominated are well known for absorption capacity stable response, but poor response. Here, we propose a new class of light-weight isot...

[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of two different stretching techniques on range of motion (ROM), muscle activation, and balance. [Subjects] For the present study, 48 adults with hamstring muscle tightness were recruited and randomly divided into three groups: a static stretching group (n=16), a PNF stretching group (n=16), a control group (n=16). [Methods] Bot...

uniaxial compressive strength (ucs) is one of the most significant factors on the stability of underground excavation projects. most of the time, this factor can be obtained by exploratory boreholes evaluation. due to the large distance between exploratory boreholes in the majority of geotechnical projects, the application of geostatistical methods has increased as an estimator of rock mass pro...