The transition from supercritical to subcritical flow around a fully submerged abrupt negative step in horizontal rectangular open channel has been investigated. In laboratory experiment the one-dimensional energy and momentum conservation equations were studied by means of depth pressure measurements piezometers installed along bottom face. Froude number varied range 1.9 5.8 while height criti...

Submerged vegetation has strong vitality, and the root system is highly developed. Because this a good bank-solidifying-and-beautifying effect, it widely used in ecological river construction. However, open channel flow field water-blocking mechanism of submerged are complicated. It not convenient to use kind original model directly engineering calculation, but can be much more if generalized i...

An optical Doppler tomography (ODT) system that permits imaging of fluid flow velocity in highly scattering media is described. ODT combines Doppler velocimetry with the high spatial resolution of low-coherence optical interferometry to measure fluid flow velocity at discrete spatial locations. Tomographic imaging of particle flow velocity within a circular conduit submerged 1 mm below the surf...

The climatological impact and chemical characteristics of atmospheric aerosols remain very uncertain. The latest step in this field is the experimental use of UV-lit gas-phase tube reactors to simulate days to weeks of atmospheric photochemistry. These reactors have typically been modeled as plug-flow reactors. We have constructed a more detailed model to describe the new laminar-flow tube reac...

This paper deals with the optimal and safe operation of jacketed tubular reactors. Despite the existence of advanced distributed controllers, optimal steady-state reference profiles to be tracked are often unknown. In Logist et al. [2008], a procedure which combines analytical and numerical optimal control techniques, has been proposed for deriving optimal analytical (and thus generic) referenc...

This paper reports the findings of a FP7 project (DEMCAMER) that developed materials (catalysts and membranes) and new processes for four industrially relevant reaction processes. In this project, active, stable, and selective catalysts were developed for the reaction systems of interest and their production scaled up to kg scale (TRL5 (TRL: Technology Readiness Level)). Simultaneously, new mem...