A new algorithm for reinforcement learning, advantage updating, is described. Advantage updating is a direct learning technique; it does not require a model to be given or learned. It is incremental, requiring only a constant amount of calculation per time step, independent of the number of possible actions, possible outcomes from a given action, or number of states. Analysis and simulation ind...

Establishing what information is actively maintained in working memory (WM) and how it is represented and controlled is essential to understanding how such information guides future behavior. WM has traditionally been investigated in terms of the maintenance of stimulus-specific information, such as locations or words. More recently, investigators have emphasized the importance of rules that es...

Reservoir modeling is the process of generating numerical representations of reservoir conditions and properties on the basis of geological, geophysical, and engineering data measured on the Earth’s surface or in depth at a limited number of borehole locations. Therefore, reservoir modeling requires an incorporation of the data from a variety of sources, along with an integration of knowledge a...

A novel technique for updating in XML using semantic constraints is proposed. In the proposed technique for XML updating, we consider close value pair semantics in ordered XML documents. Further, how semantic constraints can be incorporated with integrity constraints for XML updating and how to update XML views using semantic constraints are discussed.

I am grateful to Klaus Oberauer and Reinhold Kliegl for valuable advice throughout the project and for helpful comments on my dissertation. To Saber and Yazan iv Contents Page 1 Updating of objects and object features 1 2 Feature updating experiments 10 2.1 Experiment 1: Updating of visual features 12

In this paper a parallel implementation of the SVD{updating algorithm using approximate rotations is presented. In its original form the SVD{updating algorithm had numerical problems if no reorthogonalization steps were applied. Representing the orthogonal matrix V (right singular vectors) using its parameterization in terms of the rotation angles of n(n?1)=2 plane rotations these reorthogonali...

To keep mobile devices secure, experts recommend turning on auto-updates for applications, but recent research has suggested that users often avoid auto-updating because updates can lead to undesirable consequences such as user interface changes or compatibility issues. Understanding whether there are commonalities amongst users who avoid auto-updates can help us create better mobile applicatio...

Urban development significantly changes constructed land across both urban and rural areas around the world in recent years. It is vital to keep constructed land data "fresh" for its application and development. Change detection with remotely sensed imagery is an effective way to updating land cover in large area. In this paper, the updating requirements of constructed land in large area are an...

In this pa.per, we present Key-Updating Schemes in identity-based (identification or signature) systems, and consider the security of the schemes. We ’ propose two kinds of key-updating schemes, i.e., one is sequential type and the other is parallel type, and show that both schemes are equivalent to each other in a polynomial time sense, i.e., there elrists a deterministic polynomial time algor...

OBJECTIVES To review the current knowledge and efforts on updating systematic reviews (SRs) as applied to comparative effectiveness reviews (CERs). STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING This article outlines considerations for updating CERs by including a definition of the updating process, describing issues around assessing whether to update, and providing general guidelines for the update process. Key p...