OBJECTIVE To assess the inter-observer variability and accuracy of Mid Upper Arm Circumference (MUAC) and weight-for-length Z score (WFLz) among infants aged <6 months performed by community health workers (CHWs) in Kilifi District, Kenya. METHODS A cross-sectional repeatability study estimated inter-observer variation and accuracy of measurements initially undertaken by an expert anthropomet...

AIM The study aimed to demonstrate that the assessment of the anthropomorphic measurements of children with cerebral palsy (CP) varies according to the type of motor dysfunction and references standard used for comparison. METHOD In a cross-sectional design, 108 children 2 to 16 years were classified according to the type of motor dysfunction by gender and age group. Weight, mid-upper-arm-cir...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Surface neuromuscular electrical stimulation (sNMES) after stroke aims to improve upper limb function and reduce shoulder pain, but current evidence of effectiveness is inconclusive. We have undertaken a randomized controlled trial to evaluate sNMES to the shoulder after acute stroke. METHODS One hundred seventy-six patients, within 10 days of stroke onset, were randomi...

BACKGROUND Upper arm anthropometry has been used in the nutritional assessment of small infants, but it has not yet been validated as a predictor of regional body composition in this population. OBJECTIVE Validation of measured and derived upper arm anthropometry as a predictor of arm fat and fat-free compartments in preterm infants. METHODS Upper arm anthropometry, including the upper arm ...

BACKGROUND Upper arm deformities secondary to weight loss or senile elastosis have led to an increased demand for aesthetic contouring procedures. OBJECTIVE To objectively assess whether, in Teimourian high-grade upper arm remodelling, laser-assisted lypolysis (LAL) alone could result in patient satisfaction. METHODS Between 2012 and 2013, 22 patients were treated for excessive upper arm fa...

A 21-day-old male infant presented with swelling over left upper limb for 3 days. Examination revealed a firm swelling of 3×4 cms over the proximal ventral aspect of left forearm and linear swellings over the medial aspect of left upper arm (Fig. 1(a)). Systemic examination and routine blood workup was normal. Ultrasound and X-ray of the swelling revealed subcutaneous calcification (Fig. 1(b))....

Tensegrity is a structure consisting of rigid bodies and internal tensile members, with no contact between the bodies. The model an arm tensegrity not movable as it is, but we believe that can be made flexible by incorporating springs. We developed incorporates springs in arm’s members extending structure. Then, evaluation arm, measured ranges motions forces required for motion. also mechanism ...

The purpose of this study was to investigate how the contraction-induced increase in distal biceps brachii tendon moment arm is related to that in elbow flexor muscle thickness, with a specific emphasis on the influence of the site-related differences in muscle thickness. The moment arm and muscle thickness were determined from sagittal and cross-sectional images, respectively, of the right arm...

BACKGROUND Folliculosebaceous cystic hamartoma (FSCH) is a rare cutaneous hamartoma consisting of dilated folliculosebaceous units invested in mesenchymal elements. These lesions have a striking predilection for the central face and scalp of adults. The vast majority of lesions present as 0.5-1.5-cm papules or exophytic nodules. A single case of giant FSCH has been reported on the upper back. ...