This paper outlines the changes in the water supply system in the Maltese Islands and in fluoride concentration and the impact that this has had on the prevalence of dental caries in 12-year-old schoolchildren. It describes how over the past decades, the Maltese Islands (which comprise two main islands, Malta and Gozo) have seen changes in the water supply system, from one purely dependent on u...

A study was conducted to compare the technical potential and effectiveness of different water supply options for securing water availability in a large-scale, interconnected water supply system under historical and climate-change augmented inflow and demand conditions. Part 2 of the study focused on determining the greenhouse gas and renewable energy utilization impacts of different pathways to...

Wireless Underground Communication Networks (WUCNs) consist of wireless devices that operate below the ground surface. These devices are either (i) buried completely under dense soil, or (ii) placed within a bounded open underground space, such as underground mines and road/subway tunnels. The main difference between WUCNs and the terrestrial wireless communication networks is the communication...

Water resources management is one of the most important challenges the world faces. It is difficult to think of a resource more essential to the health of human communities or their economies than water. Humans cannot live for more than several days without water, shorter than for any source of sustenance other than fresh air. In meeting their demand for water, societies extract vast quantities...

Background and purpose: One of the most prominent concerns for the water consumers is pathogenic microorganism contamination. Wells and underground water resources are the main resources of drinking water in Sari city, Iran. The main objectives of the research project were to explore the distribution and frequency of mycoflora in wells and underground water resources of the city and their conta...

the evaporation of liquid droplets is of fundamental importance in a large number of practical situations ranging from technological applications such as ink-jet printing, spray cooling and various coating processes, to a variety of biological and geophysical contexts. in this study, the behavior of the surfaces of glass, plexiglas, aluminum and copper in the evaporation of water droplets is st...

Water is the most valuable natural resource. The rapid development of human life and careless use water resources leads to accumulation chemicals, biological physical substances that are not present in clean waterways. Such problems have become too vital, as without water, humanity cannot exist. State monitoring bodies (Roshydromet monitors 4,000 points - on rivers, lakes reservoirs) includes s...

maharlou-bakhtegan catchment in the southern part of iran is faced with water scarcity.this problem is exacerbated by environmental degradation, climate change effects, mismanagementof water resources, along with a major dependence of water demand supplies on the limitedgroundwater resources. in this study, a combined approach of dpsir model along with the scenarioanalysis was employed to deriv...

Abstract Water pollution is one of the most dangerous problems which commonly ignored in our country. Pakistan ranks very low world, regarding drinkable water. Both surface and underground water are contaminated with toxic metals pesticides arsenic (μg/L) were found to be 50. The quality parameters set by WHO persistently violated. seriously affected improper disposal industrial, domestic waste...