OBJECTIVE Decreasing the risk of HIV transmission from HIV-positive individuals is an important public health priority. We evaluated the effectiveness of a computer-based sexual risk reduction counseling intervention (CARE+) among HIV-positive persons enrolled in care. METHODS HIV-positive eligible participants (N=1075) were enrolled from 11 care sites in the Bronx, NY and Washington, DC and ...

BACKGROUND Although number of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) reported in STI surveillance increased rapidly for women in Japan during the 1990s, the sexual behavior of women potentially at risk of STI infection remains unknown. METHODS In order to determine the demographic and behavioral characteristics of non-sex worker (SW) females attending STI clinics, female attendees (n = 145), ...

OBJECTIVES To explore sex workers' accounts of condom use and their recommendations about how condoms might be improved. METHODS In-depth interviews were conducted with 22 female sex workers in sex work premises in London, UK and Amsterdam, The Netherlands. RESULTS The consistent and effective use of condoms was dependent upon client selection, sex worker control of the condom, communicatio...

Granulosa cell tumor, a sex cord stromal estrogen secreting tumor presents with vaginal bleeding and is seen in all ages. It accounts for <5% of ovarian neoplasm. We reported rare case granulosa postmenopausal woman undergoing staging laparotomy total abdominal hysterectomy bilateral salpingo-oopherectomy malignant which was complicated by torsion, rupture hemorrhagic ascitis. Any should aro...

It is known that sex hormones regulate IgA and IgG levels in the female reproductive tract. Moreover, antigen presentation by uterine and vaginal epithelial cells is also under strict hormonal control. The effect of the estrous cycle on cytokine secretion by vaginal and uterine lymphoid cells has been examined in mice using simultaneous staining for cytoplasmic cytokines and surface markers aft...

BACKGROUND Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is highly prevalent among African women and has been associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes, sexually transmitted diseases, and HIV-1. GOAL The goal of this study was to analyze the relationship among intravaginal practices, bathing, and BV. STUDY DESIGN The authors conducted a cross-sectional study of HIV-1-seronegative Kenyan female sex workers with...

PURPOSE This study aimed to evaluate the results of neovaginoplasty by a modified McIndoe-Bannister technique and by the non-surgical Frank technique. METHODS This retrospective study was conducted on a convenience sample of 25 women with vaginal agenesis undergoing surgical or conservative treatment at an Infant-Pubertal Gynecology Outpatient Clinic. Data were obtained from the medical recor...

A prospective cohort study was conducted to examine the relationship between vaginal colonization with lactobacilli, bacterial vaginosis (BV), and acquisition of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and sexually transmitted diseases in a population of sex workers in Mombasa, Kenya. In total, 657 HIV-1-seronegative women were enrolled and followed at monthly intervals. At baseline, only 2...

BACKGROUND Soy formula containing estrogenic isoflavones is widely used in the United States. Infants consuming soy formula exclusively have high isoflavone exposures. We wanted to study whether soy formula prolonged the physiologic estrogenization of newborns, but available quantitative descriptions of the natural history of breast and genital development are inadequate for study design. OBJ...