This article analyzes China's pension arrangement and notes that China has recently established a universal non-contributory pension plan covering urban non-employed workers and all rural residents, combined with the pension plan covering urban employees already in place. Further, in the latest reform, China has discontinued the special pension plan for civil servants and integrated this privil...

Ich schlage vor, die Schriften von Professor Janusz Kuczyński über den Universalismus weiterzuentwickeln und zu erweitern, indem ich das Wort „Humanismus“ durch Hinzufügen des Präfixes „Post“ ändere – um Begriff Humanismus auf alle gegenwärtigen zukünftigen fühlenden nicht-empfindungsfähigen Lebewesen auszudehnen ethischen Faden hervorhebe, der ein Wegweiser für Dialog im Allgemeinen interkultu...

........................................................................................... 315 Introduction ...................................................................................... 317 I. Law and Contemporary Attitudes Toward African Homosexuality ....................................................................... 323 II. Liberal Philosophy and Liberal Legal Frameworks .........

Abstract Building on Nozick's invariantism about objectivity, I propose to define scientific objectivity in terms of counterfactual independence. will argue that such a independence account is (a) able overcome the decisive shortcomings original and (b) applicable three paradigmatic kinds (that is, as replication, robustness, Mertonian universalism).

conomists love to say that there is no such thing as a free lunch. But the Chilean government agency responsible for school grants, Junta Nacional de Auxilio Escolar y Becas (JUNAEB), is an exception to the rule. During the school year, JUNAEB provides breakfast and lunch for 2 million children in primary and secondary public schools. In a developing country where about 14 percent of children u...

Voters’ political choices have presumably come to depend more on their personal preferences and less on their social characteristics in Western democracies. We examine two aspects of personality that may influence political choice, traits and personal values, using the Five Factor Model of personality traits and the Schwartz (1992) theory of basic personal values. Data from 3044 voters for the ...

Values play a very significant role in individuals’ lives. People use their value structure in order to judge the world around them, connecting to other people according to their value priority similarities. People prefer to have relations with those who have similar values as themselves. Schwartz categorizes 10 main values that are comprehensive amongst all cultures. Schwartz believes that the...

This article examines gender differences in basic individual values among representatives of the millennial generation and older generations. Values are stable characteristics a person that determine goals, judgments, actions, behavior. The structure depends on various factors, such as age, gender, social status, education, etc. Generational influencing formation particular interest. main focus...