A good estimate of the design effect is critical for calculating the most efficient sample size for cluster surveys. We reviewed the design effects for seven nutrition and health outcomes from nine population-based cluster surveys conducted in emergency settings. Most of the design effects for outcomes in children, and one-half of the design effects for crude mortality, were below two. A reasse...

Reliability acceptance sampling plans (RASPs) are used to determine the acceptability of a collection of units (e.g., a lot) with respect to lifetime. Most of the previous works on RASPs assume that life tests are conducted at the use or accelerated conditions. For high-reliability units, however, adopting life tests may easily turn out to be impractical in terms of the sample size and the amou...

Comparison results are obtained for the inclusion probabilities in some unequal probability sampling plans without replacement. For either successive sampling or Hájek’s rejective sampling, the larger the sample size, the more uniform the inclusion probabilities in the sense of majorization. In particular, the inclusion probabilities are more uniform than the drawing probabilities. For the same...

SALT (Selection At List Time) is a variable probability sampling scheme that provides unbiased estimates of suspended sediment yield and its variance. SALT performs better than standard schemes which are estimate variance. Sampling probabilities are based on a sediment rating function which promotes greater sampling intensity during periods of high sediment yield. When preparing to monitor usin...

To find the relationship of different variables, training, compensation, feedback, and job involvement on productivity of employees in electric supply company in Pakistan. The aim of this research is to find out the impact of variables on employee productivity. The researcher is use the quantitative approach of research. The population for this research are the employees of electricity supply c...

Nonclinical in vivo animal studies have to be completed before starting clinical studies of the pharmacokinetic behavior of a drug in humans. The drug exposure in animal studies is often measured by the area under the concentration versus time curve (AUC). The classical complete data design where each animal is sampled for analysis at every time point is applicable for large animals only. In th...

Lameness in dairy cows is an important welfare issue. As part of a welfare assessment, herd level lameness prevalence can be estimated from scoring a sample of animals, where higher levels of accuracy are associated with larger sample sizes. As the financial cost is related to the number of cows sampled, smaller samples are preferred. Sequential sampling schemes have been used for informing dec...

A two-stage sampling approach is proposed for estimation of herd-level prevalence. Herd-level test characteristics are constructed based on individual animal test characteristics, herd size, sample size and within-herd level prevalences. The distribution of within herd prevalence is modeled using intracluster correlation coefficient. A herd-level sample size formula was developed which incorpor...

This article advances and improves existing post-election audit sampling methodology. Methods for determining post-election audit sampling have been the subject of extensive recent research. This article • provides an overview of post-election audit sampling research and compares various approaches to calculating post-election audit sample sizes, focusing on risklimiting audits, • discusses fun...

Genomic tools allow the study of the whole genome, and facilitate the study of genotypeenvironment combinations and their relationship with phenotype. However, most genomic prediction models developed so far are appropriate for Gaussian phenotypes. For this reason, appropriate genomic prediction models are needed for count data, since the conventional regression models used on count data with a...