Blood vessels and nerves often follow parallel trajectories, suggesting that distal targets use common cues that induce vascularization and innervation. Netrins are secreted by the floor plate and attract commissural axons toward the midline of the neural tube. Here, we show that Netrin-1 is also a potent vascular mitogen. Netrin-1 stimulates proliferation, induces migration, and promotes adhes...

background and objective: thyroid cancer is the most frequent endocrine malignancy in the world and papillary carcinoma is the most frequent thyroid carcinoma. different markers used for determination of prognosis and vegfr is one of them. the aim of present study was to determine the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (vegfr) as a prognostic marker in papillary carcinoma...

The acute increase in vascular permeability produced by vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF-A(165)) requires activation of endothelial Flk-1 receptors (VEGFR-2) and stimulation of platelet-activating factor (PAF) synthesis. Like PAF, VEGF-A(165) promotes translocation of P-selectin to the endothelial cell (EC) surface. However, the mechanisms involved remain unknown. By treating human umbi...

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a key regulator of angiogenesis (ie, blood vessel formation). VEGF acts by binding to the VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR2) tyrosine kinase, expressed on endothelial cells. In healthy individuals, the vasculature is quiescent; invasion of vascular sprouts into the surrounding tissue during angiogenesis is tightly regulated by the Notch family of ligands and r...

Background—Secretoneurin is a neuropeptide located in nerve fibers along blood vessels, is upregulated by hypoxia, and induces angiogenesis. We tested the hypothesis that secretoneurin gene therapy exerts beneficial effects in a rat model of myocardial infarction and evaluated the mechanism of action on coronary endothelial cells. Methods and Results—In vivo secretoneurin improved left ventricu...

Malignant tumor progression depends on angiogenesis, requiring vascular endothelial cell migration, and proliferation, triggered by tumor-derived vascular endothelial cell growth factor (VEGF). We show that gangliosides, which are actively shed by tumor cells and bind to normal cells in the tumor microenvironment, have the potential to sensitize vascular endothelial cells to respond to subthres...