Gliomas, particularly glioblastoma multiforme, perturb the bloodbrain barrier and cause brain edema that contributes to morbidity and mortality. The mechanisms underlying this vasogenic edema are poorly understood. We examined the effects of cocultured primary cultured human glioblastoma cells and glioma-derived growth factors on the endothelial cell tight junction proteins claudin 1, claudin 5...

An uncontrolled increase in intracranial pressure (ICP), often due to cerebral oedema, is the most common cause of death in traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients. Different types of oedema coexist in TBI patients: vasogenic oedema and cytotoxic oedema. Vasogenic oedema occurs with the extravasation of fluid into the extracellular space following blood brain barrier (BBB) disruption. Cytotoxic o...

Figure 4. From left to right: maps of FA (from DTI), intracellular fraction, CSF fraction and ODI (from NODDI) in the same lesion shown in fig.3 NODDI performs better than DTI in brain tumors with vasogenic edema Matteo Figini, Giuseppe Baselli, Marco Riva, Lorenzo Bello, Hui Zhang, and Alberto Bizzi Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, MI, I...

The present study applied T2- and diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging to examine if mild cerebral edema and subsequent brain swelling are implicated in the pathophysiology of acute mountain sickness (AMS). Twenty-two subjects were examined in normoxia (21% O2), after 16 hours passive exposure to normobaric hypoxia (12% O2) corresponding to a simulated altitude of 4,500 m and after 6 h...

Eclampsia, clinically defined as unexplained seizure in a woman with preeclampsia, is a life threatening complication unique to the pregnant state. However, a subpopulation of women with seemingly uncomplicated pregnancies experience de novo seizure without preeclamptic signs or symptoms, suggesting pregnancy alone may predispose the brain to seizure. Here, we hypothesized that normal pregnancy...

BACKGROUND Cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) is a cause of stroke with obscure pathophysiologic properties that differ from arterial stroke. Its main mechanisms of pathophysiology are the breakdown of the blood-brain barrier and the coexistence of cytotoxic and vasogenic edema. However, conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) cannot differentiate between vasogenic and cytotoxic edema. OB...

A 73-year-old man was referred to the outpatient clinic with a 2-week history of headache and apathy. Neurologic examination revealed mild left-sided facial, arm, and leg paresis. Head CT appeared to show a right frontal lobe tumor with finger-like vasogenic edema. Instead, MRI revealed a subacute lobar hemorrhage with perihematomal edema (figure). On follow-up imaging, no underlying cause was ...

A focal cryogenic lesion was made in the left superior frontal gyrus of the anesthetized macaque brain. Cerebral blood flow (CBF) was determined by the hydrogen clearance technique before and during the 4 hours following trauma. Local CBF in tissue adjacent to the lesion increased in the first half hour after the lesion was made and then decreased during the ensuing 3 1/2 hours. Local CBF in th...