This paper deals with a real-life vehicle routing problem concerning the distribution of products to customers. A non-homogenous fleet of trucks with limited capacity and allowed travel time is available to satisfy the stochastic multiple product demand of a set of different types of customers with earliest and latest time for servicing. The objective is to minimize distribution costs while max...

We study how to set the vehicle capacity for traveling Salesman Problems where some of the customer demands are stochastic. The analyses are done for the one-commodity pickup-and-delivery TSP, as this problem also includes the setting of the initial load. We first consider feasibility issues. This includes finding the smallest vehicle capacity and some initial load such that a given tour is fea...

In this paper, an integrated Network and Vehicle Routing Optimisation Problem (NVROP) for freight vehicles is proposed. The variables involved in the problem are discrete (link topology, routes for freight vehicles) and continuous (link capacity in term of signal settings). The discrete variables are related to the link direction, lane numbers, lane use and sequence of retailers reached by the ...

Haze in China has been increasing in frequency of occurrence as well as the area of the affected region. Here, we report on a new mechanism of haze formation, in which coexistence with NOx can reduce the environmental capacity for SO2, leading to rapid conversion of SO2 to sulfate because NO2 and SO2 have a synergistic effect when they react on the surface of mineral dust. Monitoring data from ...

Plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV) technology is receiving attention as an approach to reducing US dependency on foreign oil and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from the transportation sector. PHEVs require large batteries for energy storage, which affect vehicle cost, weight, and performance. We construct PHEV simulation models to account for the effects of additional batteries on fuel cons...

This paper presents a simple approximate procedure for traffic analysis that can be described geometrically without calculus. The procedure, which is graphically intuitive, operates directly on piecewise linear approximations of the N-curves of cumulative vehicle count. Because the N-curves are both readily observable and of direct interest for evaluation purposes (e.g., they yield the total ve...

The most studied combinatorial optimization problem in transport and logistics is the vehicle routing problem (VRP). The goal of the vehicle routing problem is to nd a set of routes for a eet of vehicles which optimises the objective function (e.g. total distance, routing costs). Every demand needs to be ful lled and vehicle capacities need to be respected. Many solution methods exist for the '...

in addition to increment of the vehicle sprung mass, the main physical effects of addition of cng tank to the vehicle are the longitudinal and height displacement of center of gravity, which have the most influences on the handling, braking, roll stability and spin stability of the vehicle. increment of cng tank mass to the sprung mass of the vehicle increases the vehicle under-steer gradient, ...

The development of Integrated Chassis Control (ICC) systems is a major area of current interest in automotive research. Roughly speaking, research on this topic has been motivated by the desire for increased vehicle safety, increased comfort, and better performance by taking into account and utilising the interactions that exists between the different subsystems of the vehicle. While research o...