BACKGROUND Gingivitis is an inflammatory disease involving the gums. Saffron contains various forms of flavonoids, glycosides, and anthocyanin compounds that are proven to have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. This study evaluates the anti-inflammatory effects of Saffron stigma on gingival indices in patients with marginal generalized plaque-induced gingivitis. METHODS For this stud...

In the present work, we analyze the pi-electronic delocalization in a series of annulenes and their dications and dianions by using electron delocalization indices calculated in the framework of the quantum theory of atoms in molecules. The aim of our study is to discuss the Hückel's 4n + 2 rule from the viewpoint of pi-electronic delocalization. Our results show that there is an important incr...

We present a combined experimental and theoretical study on the radiative lifetime of CO in the a (3)Pi(1,2), v=0 state. CO molecules in a beam are prepared in selected rotational levels of this metastable state, Stark-decelerated, and electrostatically trapped. From the phosphorescence decay in the trap, the radiative lifetime is measured to be 2.63+/-0.03 ms for the a (3)Pi(1), v=0, J=1 level...

Isolated spinach chloroplasts purified by isopycnic centrifugation in density gradients of Percoll were found to be highly intact, to be devoid of extrachloroplastic contaminations, and to retain a high rate of CO(2)-dependent O(2) evolution.When suspended in a medium which avoided rupture of the envelope, intact purified chloroplasts progressively lost their phosphate content by passive diffus...

Topological indices have been used to modeling biological and chemical properties of molecules in quantitive structure property relationship studies and quantitive structure activity studies. All the degree based topological indices have been defined via classical degree concept. In this paper we define a novel degree concept for a vertex of a simple connected graph: R degree. And also we defin...

Oxygen conversion process between O₂ and H₂O by means of electrochemistry or photochemistry has lately received a great deal of attention. Cobalt-phosphate (Co-Pi) catalyst is a new type of cost-effective artificial oxygen-evolving complex (OEC) with amorphous features during photosynthesis. However, can such Co-Pi OEC also act as oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) catalyst in electrochemical proc...

Antiferromagnetic or charge density wave fluctuations couple with light through the recently discovered {\pi}-ton contribution to optical conductivity, and quite generically constitute dominant vertex corrections in low-dimensional correlated electron systems. Here we study arguably simplest version of these $\pi$-tons based on semi-analytical random phase approximation (RPA) ladder transversal...

The Padmakar-Ivan (PI) index is a first-generation topological index (TI) based on sums over all edges between numbers of edges closer to one endpoint and numbers of edges closer to the other endpoint. Edges at equal distances from the two endpoints are ignored. An analogous definition is valid for the Wiener index W, with the difference that sums are replaced by products. A few other TIs are d...

Neutrinos can acquire both dynamic and geometric phases due to the non-trivial mixing between mass flavour eigenstates. In this article, we derive general expressions for all plausible gauge invariant diagonal off-diagonal in three neutrino model using kinematic approach. We find that higher order are sensitive ordering Dirac CP violating phase $\delta$. show that, third ($\Phi_{\mu e\tau}$) is...