Canola co-products are sources of amino acid and energy in pig feeds, but their fermentation characteristics in the pig intestine are unknown. Thus, we determined the in vitro fermentation characteristics of the canola co-products Brassica juncea solvent-extracted canola meal (JSECM), Brassica napus solvent-extracted canola meal (NSECM), B. napus expeller-pressed canola meal (NEPCM) and B. napu...

Four experiments were conducted using day-of-hatch, mixed-sex broiler chicks to evaluate the effects of aflatoxins and T-2 toxin on cecal volatile fatty acids (VFA) and the susceptibility to Salmonella colonization. All chicks in these experiments were challenged orally with 10(4) cfu of Salmonella typhimurium (ST) on Day 3. In Experiments 1 and 2, chicks were fed diets containing 0, 2.5, or 7....

I. Studies were made of the fermentation of D-glucose, D-fructose, D-galactose, D-xylose, L-arabinose and sucrose by rumen contents from two cows fed I kg hay and 4 or 5 kg flaked maize once daily. The proportions of volatile fatty acids (VFA) in the rumen before addition of carbohydrates varied widely but on average acetic acid constituted about 52%, propionic acid about 29 % and n-butyric aci...

The results of three successive experiments were compared in order to analyse the chronology of absorbed energy amounts resulting from enzymatic or microbial digestion, respectively. These experiments were undertaken in the pig to study the absorption kinetics of reducing sugars and amino-nitrogen formed during enzymatic digestion and of volatile fatty acids (VFA) formed through the action of t...

The purpose of this study was to examine the stability and host specificity of a cow's ruminal bacterial community following massive challenge with ruminal microflora from another cow. In each of 2 experiments, 1 pair of cows was selected on the basis of differences in ruminal bacterial community composition (BCC), determined by automated ribosomal intergenic spacer analysis (ARISA), a culture-...

Wether lambs of 29-44 kg live-weight, totally nourished by the infusion of volatile fatty acids (VFA) into the rumen and casein into the abomasum, were given five treatments in consecutive periods. The treatments were (daily amounts per kg live weight (W)0.75): (a) high-protein for 7 d (2500 mg nitrogen, 650 kJ VFA); (b) low-protein for 7-15 d (525 mg N, 650 kJ VFA); (c) N-free for 7 d (no N, 4...

Physical maturation of the ruminal epithelium has previously been linked to ruminal production of VFA following the initiation of solid feed intake. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of VFA administration and energy intake on sheep gastrointestinal development. Twelve lambs were removed from their dams at birth and trained to nurse on nipple buckets. All lambs consumed milk until ...

Four steers fitted with a ruminal cannula and chronic indwelling catheters in the mesenteric artery, mesenteric vein, hepatic portal vein, hepatic vein, and the right ruminal vein were used to study the absorption and metabolism of VFA from bicarbonate buffers incubated in the temporarily emptied and washed reticulorumen. Portal and hepatic vein blood flows were determined by infusion of p-amin...

Effects of treating corn and wheat distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) with a multicarbohydrase alone or in combination with a protease on porcine in vitro fermentation characteristics and the matrix structure of the DGGS before and after the fermentation were studied. Three DDGS samples (wheat DDGS sample 1 [wDDGS1], wheat DDGS sample 2 [wDDGS2], and corn DDGS [cDDGS]) were predigeste...

Single chamber MES reactor – microbial reduction synthesis of CO 2 to VFA.