Normal mode analysis has become a popular and often used theoretical tool in the study of functional motions in enzymes, viruses, and large protein assemblies. The use of normal modes in the study of these motions is often extremely fruitful since many of the functional motions of large proteins can be described using just a few normal modes which are intimately related to the overall structure...

The perception of consonance/dissonance of musical harmonies is strongly correlated with their periodicity. This is shown in this article by consistently applying recent results from psychophysics and neuroacoustics, namely that the just noticeable difference between pitches for humans is about 1% for the musically important low frequency range and that periodicities of complex chords can be de...

The internal seiche structure of a small, shallow lake (Frains Lake, Michigan) is shown to be dominated by the higher order vertical modes. The resonalit frequencies and the vertical velocity profiles of each mode were predicted from observed temperature profiles. The ohserved resonant frequencies and observed phase shifts in the velocity profiles of each mode corresponded closely to those pred...

We report direct angle-resolved photoemission measurements of the coupling between the symmetric stretch vibrational mode of adsorbed hydrogen and a surface band on W(110). This coupling is manifested by the surface band being split into two branches at a binding energy comparable to the vibrational mode energy, as confirmed by observation of a dramatic hydrogen/deuterium isotope effect. The el...

Controlled chemical reaction of single trans-2-butene molecules on the Pd(110) surface was realized by dosing tunneling electrons from the tip of a scanning tunneling microscope at 4.7 K. The reaction product was identified as a 1,3-butadiene molecule by inelastic electron tunneling spectroscopy. Threshold voltage for the reaction is approximately 365 mV, which coincides with the vibrational ex...

The vibrational relaxation of ground-state molecular oxygen (O2, XΣg −) has been observed, following stimulated Raman excitation to the first excited vibrational level (v=1). Time delayed laser-induced fluorescence probing of the ro-vibrational population distribution was used to examine the temporal relaxation behavior. In the presence of water vapor, the relaxation process is rapid, and is do...

Unlike many other molecules having local modes, the highly excited C-H stretching states of CHD3 show well resolved experimental spectra and simple Fermi resonance behavior. In this paper the local mode features in this prototype molecule are examined using a curvilinear coordinate approach. Theory and experiment are used to identify the vibrational state coupling. Both kinetic and potential te...

Using certain ideas connected with the entropy theory, several kinds of dimensions are introduced for arbitrary topological spaces. Their properties are examined, in particular, for normal spaces and quasi-discrete ones. One of the considered dimensions coincides, on these spaces, with the Čech-Lebesgue dimension and the height dimension of posets, respectively.

Transition frequencies of two spherical gas bubbles interacting in an acoustic field are discussed theoretically. In the present study, transition frequency is defined as the frequency of external sound for which the phase difference between a bubble’s pulsation and the external sound is π/2. It is shown by a linear theory that a bubble interacting with a neighboring bubble has three (or fewer)...