We review techniques simplifying the analytic calculation of one-loop QCD amplitudes with many external legs, for use in next-to-leading-order corrections to multi-jet processes. Particularly useful are the constraints imposed by perturba-tive unitarity, collinear singularities and a supersymmetry-inspired organization of helicity amplitudes. Certain sequences of one-loop helicity amplitudes wi...

Feynman’s prescription of disregarding the exclusion principle in intermediate states of perturbation theory is based in his observation [1] that all virtual processes that violate that principle (formally) cancel out order by order in perturbation theory. However, Coutinho, Nogami and Tomio have recently presented an example [2] in which Feynman’s prescription seems to fail. They calculated (i...

In this paper it is presented the real time monitoring system of water flow in hydro power plants which is designed with virtual instrumentation software. Water flow through penstock has been measured by using flow sensor. Volumetric flow of excess water, in the case of emergency evacuation of water, has been calculated from position of control gates and water level. Relationship between the vo...

We introduce a family of rings of symmetric functions depending on an infinite sequence of parameters. A distinguished basis of such a ring is comprised by analogues of the Schur functions. The corresponding structure coefficients are polynomials in the parameters which we call the Littlewood–Richardson polynomials. We give a combinatorial rule for their calculation by modifying an earlier resu...

A fast algorithm is constructed to facilitate dose calculation for a large number of randomly sampled treatment scenarios, each representing a possible realisation of a full treatment with geometric, fraction specific displacements for an arbitrary number of fractions. The algorithm is applied to construct a dose volume coverage probability map (DVCM) based on dose calculated for several hundre...

According to our present understanding many J/c production processes proceed through a colored cc̄ state followed by the emission of soft particles in the quarkonium rest frame. The kinematic effect of soft particle emission is usually a higher-order effect in the non-relativistic expansion, but becomes important near the kinematic end point of quarkonium energy ~momentum! distributions. In an i...

One-sample and two-sample t-tests are commonly used in analyzing data from clinical trials in comparing mean responses from two drug products. During the planning stage of a clinical study, a crucial step is the sample size calculation, i.e., the determination of the number of subjects (patients) needed to achieve a desired power (e.g., 80%) for detecting a clinically meaningful difference in t...

background: with the recent spread of virtual learning programs in universities, especially in the field of medical sciences, libraries play a crucial role to support these programs. this study aimed at investigating the skills required by librarians to support virtual learning programs in isfahan university and isfahan university of medical sciences.   methods: this was an applied survey study...

there has been a recent development and explosion of interest among academicians across a wide range of disciplines in the use of virtual class room. utilization of the virtual class room as a laboratory experimentation for teaching and learning has increased significantly in recent years as development tools for web based applications have become easier to use and computers have become more ca...