Low vitamin D and K status are both associated with an increased cardiovascular risk. New evidence from experimental studies on bone health suggest an interaction between vitamin D and K; however, a joint association with vascular health outcomes is largely unknown. To prospectively investigate whether the combination of low vitamin D and K status is associated with higher systolic and diastoli...

Previously we reported that we could increase the fraction of carboxylated factor X by reducing the affinity of the propeptide for its binding site on human gamma glutamyl carboxylase. We attributed this to an increased turnover rate. However, even with the reduced affinity propeptide, when sufficient overproduction of factor X is achieved, there is still a significant fraction of uncarboxylate...

BACKGROUND A low level of intact parathyroid hormone (PTH) is an indicator of adynamic bone disease in hemodialysis patients, and is associated with a significant increase of all-cause mortality. Thus, effective treatment for adynamic bone disease is required. We previously investigated the effect of vitamin K₂ on adynamic bone disease. In this study, we assessed the efficacy of oral vitamin K₂...

Vitamin K is an essential in human nutrition for the maintenance of normal blood clotting function. It is involved in the synthesis of prothrombin and is directly related to the concentration of the latter in the circulating blood. We have (Kugelmass and Samuel, 1931) advanced the hypothesis of a dietary basis of the formation of clotting constituents, formulated 'clotting' and 'bleeding' diets...

The development of vitamin K deficiency, vitamin K requirement and warfarin susceptibility were studied in several types of warfarin-resistant .and non-resistant rat. Domesticated HW strain rats needed about 13 times as much vitamin Kl as did Wistar rats to maintain normal blood-clotting function, while HS strain rats were intermediate in this and in their susceptibility to warfarin. The vitami...

The perioperative management of patients treated with antithrombotic medications who undergo surgical procedures represents a common clinical problem. Dental interventions are usually associated with a low risk of bleeding; however, the dental implications of new antithrombotic agents are not yet fully understood. The present review is based on the latest evidence and recommendations published ...

Vitamin K antagonists (VKAs) are effective oral anticoagulants that are titrated to a narrow therapeutic international normalized ratio (INR) range. We reviewed published literature assessing the impact of INR stability - getting into and staying in target INR range - on outcomes including thrombotic events, major bleeding, and treatment costs, as well as key factors that impact INR stability. ...

BACKGROUND The aim of the publication is to show differences among patients with the first detected episode of atrial fibrillation (AF), paroxysmal, and persistent AF patients, for whom cardioversion was planned in the hospital setting in Poland. METHODS We present an analysis of the Polish cohort of the multicenter, multinational RHYTHM-AF registry. Consecutive patients in the hospital setti...

The purpose of this study was to determine the contents of three forms of vitamin K [phylloquinone, dihydrophylloquinone, and menaquinone-4 (MK-4)] in representative samples (including different samples within the same food category) of meat (n = 128), dairy and eggs (n = 24), and fast foods (n = 169) common to the U.S. diet. The findings of our analysis indicate that no single food item in the...