In this paper, I will give a detailed account of vowel harmony and vowel dissimilation in Yucatec Maya. These phenomena provide insights for the treatment of assimilation in Optimality Theory (Prince & Smolensky 1993), as well as for the organisation of phonological features. The theoretical topics to be dealt with are (i.) an adequate formalisation of phonological feature assimilation within C...

In this paper I argue that vowel reharmonization anomalies in Tuvan (Harrison 2000) and Finnish (Vago 1988) are best analyzed as cases of “the preservation of the marked,” in the sense of de Lacy (2002). This analysis is more tightly constrained and more explanatory than the underspecification analysis proposed by Harrison (2000) and Harrison and Kaun (2000), and provides support from a new dom...

We describe three vowel-harmony processes in Tommo So and their interaction with morphological structure. The verbal suffixes of Tommo So occur in a strict linear order, establishing a Kiparskian hierarchy of distance from the root. This distance is respected by all three harmony processes; they ‘peter out’, applying with lower frequency as distance from the root increases. The function relatin...

☞ Many of the changes in generative phonology after The Sound Pattern of English have been driven by considerations of languages different from English. In this class, we study one specific phenomenon, found in many languages but not in (any Standard variety of) English. ☞ Many developments can be seen as an interactions of considerations about representations and considerations about represent...

This study was designed to investigate universal mechanisms governing patterns of VH. By discovering how listeners deal with the contextual variation of vowels in the context of other vowels, we look for evidence of the phonetic “seeds” of VH in languages which synchronically do not exhibit it. Listeners’ criteria for front-back differentiation of V1 when V2 is a high front vowel are tested. Th...

A central tenet of the study of microparametric variation (MPV) is that closely related languages will reveal which observable parameters of languages are correlated; in particular, this correlation can lead to the discovery of more abstract parameters underlying the behavior of surface patterns. The study of MPV is a way of approximating diachronic experimentation on a language, where the ling...

pluripotency is a central feature of stem and cancer cells. this feature enables cancer cells to self-renew and trans-differentiate. in this editorial, it is hypothesized that in cancer cells synchronized events rather than segmented procedures may lead to pluripotency.

Salatiga has been known as one of the most tolerant cities in Java and Indonesia. Such an achievement refers to 2021 Tolerant City Index (Indeks Kota Toleran) report released by SETARA Institute that provides a baseline or assessment city government's performance managing harmony, tolerance, Indonesian national insight, social inclusion. This article wants reexamine whether is truly fully imple...