Having a foreign accent is unavoidable for late second or language learners. The reason that physical changes in the brain influence learning variety of aspects new system (Flege, 1987; Patkowski, 1990). In other words, well-established first mediates acquisition language. mediation can be called cross-linguistics negative transfer (Sharwood Smith and Kellerma, 1986). terms suprasegmental pronu...

Certain dialects of Brazilian Portuguese (BP) show signs of nasal coda restoration (NCR). Results of an instrumental study suggest that stressed, word-final nasal vowels terminate in a velar nasal stop, though word-final nasal stops are presumed to be banned in BP. Four BP speakers uttered words ending in a stressed nasal vowel. A split flow mask sampled nasal and oral airflow. Complete oral oc...

Successful speech perception in real-world environments requires that the auditory system segregate competing voices that overlap in frequency and time into separate streams. Vowels are major constituents of speech and are comprised of frequencies (harmonics) that are integer multiples of a common fundamental frequency (F0). The pitch and identity of a vowel are determined by its F0 and spectra...

Clearly produced vowels exhibit longer duration and more extreme spectral properties than plain, conversational vowels. These features also characterize tense relative to lax vowels. This study explored the interaction of clear-speech and tensity effects by comparing clear and plain productions of three English tense-lax vowel pairs (/i-ɪ/, /ɑ-ʌ/, /u-ʊ/ in /kVd/ words). Both temporal and spectr...

Speaker’s good pronunciation makes his/her listener comfortable, and confident to participate in the conversation mispronunciations bring implications listener’s awareness involvement with message spoken. The research was aimed at detecting made by 70 non-native (L2) post-graduate students who were enrolled English department also school teachers Greater Jakarta (including Jakarta, Bogor, Depok...

The relationship between vowel nasalization and vowel quality has been examined in many studies, yet results are conflicting. This study examined nasal vowels in Pwo language. The result showed that low nasal vowels had more nasalization than mid nasal vowels. A high correlation between nasalization and vowel duration was also found. Additionally, percentages of the total nasal duration were ro...

This study describes and examines the acoustic properties of the central vowels [ɨ] and [ ] in Malaysian Hokkien (MH). The two central vowels are typologically special in that both of them are “full-fledged”, phonemic vowels in an inventory. Therefore our main research question is to see if the two central vowels are subject to contextual influences, just like their counterparts in other langua...

Standard Mandarin (SM) apical vowels have tongue postures similar to the fricative consonants that obligatorily precede them, but are thought to lack the consonants’ fricative noise. Lee-Kim [10] argues that in SM apical vowels, a slight reduction of constriction at the tongue blade or tip reduces fricative noise, essentially resulting in syllabic approximants. Using lingual ultrasound to exami...

Past studies have shown that speakers spontaneously adjust their speech acoustics in response to their auditory feedback perturbed in real time. In the case of formant perturbation, the majority of studies have examined speaker's compensatory production using the English vowel /ɛ/ as in the word "head." Consistent behavioral observations have been reported, and there is lively discussion as to ...