Energy and protein utilization quantitative retention of protein, fat energy was investigated with twelve castrated West African Dwarf (WAD) sheep averaging (23.0 h 2.4 kg BW) in nitrogen balance trials. Dried leaves Leucaena leucocephala were offered as supplement at two levels 25% (diet 2) 50% 3) dry matter intake (DM1), replacing hay the basal diet. The diet without supplementation control. ...

The objective of this study was to compare the presence on goats and cattle of adult ticks that usually infest cattle. To this end ticks collected from sets of five goats were compared with those collected from sets of five cattle at 72 communal dip-tanks in the eastern region of the Eastern Cape Province. Amblyomma hebraeum was present on goats at 25 and on cattle at 39 dip-tanks, and a total ...

The paper investigates the interaction effects between the search strategy of software agents and the subject’s product class knowledge. The experimental study consists of a 2 (product class knowledge: high, low) x 4 (agent search strategy: elimination by aspects (EBA), weighted average method (WAD), profile building (PROFILE) , and simple hypertext (HYPERTEXT)) design with product class knowle...

The aim of this systematic review was to determine the effectiveness of acupuncture for the treatment of whiplash associated disorder (WAD). Twenty databases were searched from their inceptions to Oct. 2013. Randomised clinical trials (RCTs) of acupuncture (AT), electroacupuncture (EA), or dry needling (DN) for the treatment of WAD were considered eligible. The risk of bias was assessed using t...

Whiplash injuries resulting from rear impacts are one of the most important injury categories with regard to long-term consequences. Most rear impacts lead to no injury or to symptoms that are temporary. Impacts where the duration of symptoms differs need to be separated in analyses in order to isolate representative rear impact conditions in which more long-lasting whiplash injuries occur. The...

Hyalomma anatolicum anatolicum nymphs were collected from two localities in the Sudan: Eddamer in Northern Sudan and Wad-Medani in Central Sudan. They were allowed to moult to adult ticks, which were assessed for Theileria infection in their salivary glands using Feulgen stain. At Eddamer, 49.6% of 123 ticks examined were infected with Theileria and the mean intensity of infection was 1.3 (i.e....

this study was focused on the effect of wattle trait on body sizes and scrotal dimensions of traditionally reared wad bucks in the derived savannah environment. data were collected from 153 bucks ranging from 4 months to 2 years of age and this included, scrotal length, scrotal circumference, body weight, height at withers, body length and chest girth. parameters for wattle traits included, wat...

Changes in serum gamma globulin levels, numbers of replete female ticks and engorged tick mass were used as parameters to monitor the acquired immune response (antibody mediated immune response) elicited by Rhipicephalus appendiculatus adult tick infestations. Three consecutive Rhipicephalus appendiculatus adult tick infestations were applied to South African Indigenous goats (Nguni), Saanen go...