This study attempted to use semantic relations expressed in text, in particular cause-e€ect relations, to improve information retrieval e€ectiveness. The study investigated whether the information obtained by matching cause-e€ect relations expressed in documents with the cause-e€ect relations expressed in users' queries can be used to improve document retrieval results, in comparison to using j...

Automation in construction is one of the important issues in the field of robotics, but is distinct from factory automation (FA). Because of variations in materials and management, the role of automation in construction is often limited. A curtain wall is a large, heavy breakable object and requires precision installation, making it a better candidate for automated installation. A curtain-wall ...

In this paper we suggest that rather than modeling speaker mismatch as an affine transform of the entire feature vector, it can be modeled by an affine transform of the static coefficients with additional constraints imposed by the temporal relationships of the streams of coefficients. This results in the different streams sharing the same rotation matrix, and thus reduces the complexity and me...

In this paper we present an out-of-vocabulary word detector suitable for English conversational and read speech. We use an approach based on phone posteriors created by a Large Vocabulary Continuous Speech Recognition system and an additional phone recognizer, that allows detection of OOV and misrecognized words. In addition, the recognized word output can be transcribed more detailed using sev...

In this paper we present an approach to transformation based model adaptation that combines a fast, closed form solution to the MAP estimation of our transforms with robust priors. The robust priors are found using the technique of hierarchical priors, and a closed form solution is achieved by choosing diagonally constrained affine transformations and a suitable family of prior distributions fo...

III. SECURITIES MARKET INTERMEDIARIES ............................................. 283 A. Securities Analysts ....................................................................... 283 B. Auditors........................................................................................ 291 C. Proxy Advisory Services .............................................................. 294 D. Sharehold...

We present a probabilistic graphical model for identifying noun phrase patterns in texts. This model is derived from mathematical processes under two reasonable conditional independence assumptions with different perspectives compared with other graphical models, such as CRFs or MEMMs. Empirical results shown our model is effective. Experiments on WSJ data from the Penn Treebank, our method ach...

\Prose rhythm" is a widely observed but scarcely quantiied phenomenon. We describe an information-theoretic model for measuring the regularity of lexical stress in English texts, and use it in combination with trigram language models to demonstrate a relationship between the probability of word sequences in English and the amount of rhythm present in them. We nd that the stream of lexical stres...

We present a robust parser which is trained on a treebank of ungrammatical sentences. The treebank is created automatically by modifying Penn treebank sentences so that they contain one or more syntactic errors. We evaluate an existing Penn-treebank-trained parser on the ungrammatical treebank to see how it reacts to noise in the form of grammatical errors. We re-train this parser on the traini...