An updated review of nonvaccine interventions for the prevention of childhood diarrhoea in developing countries is presented. The importance of various key preventive strategies (breast-feeding, water supply and sanitation improvements) is confirmed and certain aspects of others (promotion of personal and domestic hygiene, weaning education/food hygiene) are refined. Evidence is also presented ...

Dental caries is a rather slowly progressing disease. At least a year is required to evaluate a preventive measure by means of a reduction in the caries incidence. The Snyder's caries activity test, which is based on the acid production by oral bacteria, seemed an attractive short-term assessment tool for hygiene effectiveness. Six subjects used three different hygiene methods and their "caries...

The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and severity of dental fluorosis among 12-15-year-old students from João Pessoa, PB, Brazil before starting a program of artificial fluoridation of drinking water. The use of fluoridated dentifrice was also surveyed. A sample of 1,402 students was randomly selected. However, 31 students refused to participate and 257 were not permanent resid...

BACKGROUND Effective menstrual hygiene has direct and indirect effect on achieving millennium development goals two (universal education), three (gender equality and women empowerment) and, five (improving maternal health). However, in Ethiopiait is an issue which is insufficiently acknowledged in the reproductive health sector. The objective of this study therefore, is to assess the age of men...

Background The issue of menstrual hygiene is inadequately acknowledged in our nation. The use of sanitary pads and washing the genital area are essential practices for good menstrual hygiene. Poor menstrual hygiene may lead to itching or rashes in the perineal region, bad odor, and sometimes, major complications such as pelvic inflammatory disease and toxic shock syndrome. Therefore, the object...

OBJECTIVES Oil pulling is an age-old practice that has gained modern popularity in promoting oral and systemic health. The scientific verification for this practice is insufficient. Thus, this study evaluated the effect of coconut oil pulling on the count of Streptococcus mutans in saliva and to compare its efficacy with that of Chlorhexidine mouthwash: in vivo. The null hypothesis was that coc...

The economic and educational affluence of recent years has produced a heightened public awareness of the correlation between personal health and general well-being. Coincidently the development of the ideal concept of individual right to comprehensive professional health services is beginning t o put stress on systems for delivering health care. The preventive measures from public health have n...

Results Hand hygiene compliance is usually better after patient contact than before, despite a lack of evidence to suggest this is an effective means to prevent transmission of pathogens. Blood levels of ethanol and acetone after even supra-normal exposure are undetectable or insignificant. Appropriately formulated ABHR products are less likely to result in dermatitis than washing with soap and...

Hand hygiene with soap and water after the care of a patient with Clostridium difficile infection is essential to reduce nosocomial transmission in an outbreak situation. Factors that may pose barriers to user completion of infection prevention measures, such as hand hygiene, are of interest. We undertook a quantitative study to evaluate the relationship between sink location and compliance wit...

Introduction? Of the various branches of Public Health that excite public attention, the subject of the Adulteration of Food-Stuffs is one of the most important, and no doubt possesses the greatest interest. The immense benefit which Hygiene and Public Health has brought on humanity, in preventing the spread and dissemination of various infectious diseases that decimate people by hundreds and t...