Exposure to chronic restraint stress in rats and psychosocial stress in humans has been shown to alter cognitive functions such as learning and memory and has been linked to the pathophysiology of mood and anxiety disorders. Antianxiety or sedative agents used in the management of stress have several disadvantages and undesired effects. Therefore, in this study, we investigated efficacy of a na...

Exposure to chronic restraint stress in rats and psychosocial stress in humans has been shown to alter cognitive functions such as learning and memory and has been linked to the pathophysiology of mood and anxiety disorders. Antianxiety or sedative agents used in the management of stress have several disadvantages and undesired effects. Therefore, in this study, we investigated efficacy of a na...

Elevated alcohol intake after abstinence is a key feature of the addiction process. Some studies have shown that environmental enrichment (EE) affects ethanol intake and other reinforcing effects. However, different EE protocols may vary in their ability to influence alcohol consumption and stress-induced intake. The present study evaluated whether short (3 h) or continuous (24 h) EE protocols ...

The present study investigated the role of mineralocorticoid receptors (MR) and glucocorticoid receptors (GR) in the expression of habituation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis response to stress. Male rats were restrained for 1 h per day for six consecutive days. On day 6, 1 h prior to restraint stress, both restraint-naive and repeatedly restrained rats were injected s.c. with ...

Although restraint stress accelerates colonic transit via a central corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF), the precise mechanism still remains unclear. We tested the hypothesis that restraint stress and central CRF stimulate colonic motility and transit via a vagal pathway and 5-HT(3) receptors of the proximal colon in rats. (51)Cr was injected via the catheter positioned in the proximal colon t...

Agroclavine is a natural, clavine type of ergot alkaloid with D1 dopamine and a-adrenoceptor agonistic properties. We showed previously that in vitro agroclavine enhances natural killer (NK) cell activity, increases interleukin-2 and interferon-gamma production and prolongs the survival time of tumor-bearing mice. The aim of this study was 1) to test the effect of agroclavine on NK activity in ...

Stress induced analgesia (SIA) is well known, but the reverse phenomenon, hyperalgesia is poorly documented. This study investigated the role of the histaminergic system in restraint stress hyperalgesia in rats, using thermal stimulation method (hot plate and tail flick tests). Paw licking and tail withdrawal latencies were taken before and after restraint for about one hour. Significant decrea...

Stress has been implicated as a risk factor of various major health problems, such as stress-induced gastric mucosal injury. This study was performed to investigate the action of a pure preparation of tocotrienol (T3) concentrate, made up of 90% δ-tocotrienol and 10% γ-tocotrienol, on gastric injury of rats induced by water-immersion restraint stress (WIRS). Fourteen male Sprague-Dawley rats (2...

Sleep is generally considered to be a recovery from prior wakefulness. The architecture of sleep not only depends on the duration of wakefulness but also on its quality in terms of specific experiences. In the present experiment, we studied the effects of restraint stress on sleep architecture and sleep electroencephalography (EEG) in different strains of mice (C57BL/6J and BALB/cJ). One object...

I . The effects of 4-6 h of water immersion on the renal excretion of water and electrolytes were studied in thirteen normal male subjects in balance on a constant diet containing 150 mEq of Na and 100 mEq of K per day. Each subject was studied during a control period, consisting of quiet sitting, and during water immersion to the neck. 2. Immersion resulted in a natriuresis beginning within th...