background: the heterogeneous composition of the human body presents numerous tissue types and cavities with widely differing radiologic properties. the aim of the present work was to develop a low cost homogeneous and heterogeneous phantom and the absorbed dose were measured by ionization chamber for different radiotherapy treatment techniques and compared with treatment planning system absorb...

background long-term clinical symptoms and functional status of above-knee amputees are not well documented. this study documents the long-term outcomes of war related above-knee amputations. objective to study the long-term outcomes of unilateral above-knee amputation. materials and methods the study consisted of a comprehensive assessment, examination, and review of history and wartime medica...

PURPOSE The main aim of this study is to validate the Acuros XB dose calculation algorithm for a Varian Clinac iX linac in our clinics, and subsequently compare it with the wildely used AAA algorithm. METHODS AND MATERIALS The source models for both Acuros XB and AAA were configured by importing the same measured beam data into Eclipse treatment planning system. Both algorithms were validated...

Background: The aim of this work was to establish how well gel dosimeters performed, as substitutes for brain tissue compared with standard phantom materials such as water, polymethyl-methacrylate (or PMMA), A150 plastic and TE- liquid phantom material for dosimetry of neutron beams in boron neutron capture therapy. Materials and Methods: Thermal neutron fluence, photon dose and epithermal neu...

Introduction: The Sc is an important parameter to monitor unit (MU) calculation in radiation therapy procedure. The aim of this study is to measurement and comparison of head scatter factor (Sc) for 9MV photon beam using the build-up cap and a columnar mini-phantom.   Materials and Methods: The measurements performed using a calibrated ion chamber (Scanditron...

PURPOSE To determine whether signal variations and subtle anatomic deformities observed in high-resolution MR studies of temporal bones were caused by the large susceptibility differences at air-fluid interfaces near the round and oval window. METHODS A systematic study of healthy subjects and plastic phantoms was conducted. The phantom consisted of a series of cylindrical holes of various sm...

The geometric accuracy of CT images is essential when they are used for planning radiation therapy. In this study, a method of quantitative testing of image rotation in CT is presented, based on the automated analysis of an image of a phantom half-filled with water. A plug-in was written for ImageJ software for automated detection of a water surface in an image and measurement of its angle rela...

Tissue simulating phantoms can provide a valuable platform for quantitative evaluation of the performance of diffuse optical devices. While solid phantoms have been developed for applications related to characterizing exogenous fluorescence and intrinsic chromophores such as hemoglobin and melanin, we report the development of a poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) tissue phantom that mimics the spect...

Traditionally, total skin electron patients remove all clothing for treatment. It is generally assumed that this is best for the treatment of superficial skin lesions out of concern clothing may significantly perturb dose. We investigate the dosimetric effect of patient gowns and determine the necessity of treating patients naked. Using GAFCHROMIC EBT2 film, dose to a cylindrical phantom was me...

PURPOSE The feasibility of Raman spectroscopy for the noninvasive assessment of axial corneal hydration was investigated. METHODS A scanning confocal Raman spectroscopy system, with an axial resolution of 50 microns, was used to assess noninvasively the water (OH-bond) to protein (CH-bond) ratio as a measure of the hydration in collagen-based phantom media and rabbit corneas. RESULTS Raman ...