The rhizosphere is one of the major components in soil–plant–atmosphere continuum which controls flow water from soil into roots. Plant roots release mucilage capable altering physio-chemical properties this region. Here, we showed how impacted on hydraulic properties, using simple experiments. An artificial rhizosphere, treated or not with mucilage, was placed a sample and suction applied to m...

An interlayer soil was identified in the French conventional rail tracks, corresponding to a mixture of subgrade fine and ballast grains. Experimental results show that permanent strain such fine/coarse can be at stable or unstable state, depending on stress level with respect plastic shakedown limit σ dth (the maximum for strain). As water content changed, matric suction ψ changed subsequently...

Colloids have long been known to facilitate the transport of contaminants in soils, but few direct observations have been made of transport and retention in unsaturated porous media. Studies have typically been limited to evaluation of column breakthrough curves, resulting in differing and sometimes conflicting proposed retention mechanisms. We carried out pore scale visualization studies of co...

Colloids have long been known to facilitate the transport of contaminants in soils, but few direct observations have been made of transport and retention in unsaturated porous media. Studies have typically been limited to evaluation of column breakthrough curves, resulting in differing and sometimes conflicting proposed retention mechanisms. We carried out pore scale visualization studies of co...

The parameters in Richards' equation are usually calculated from experimentally measured values of the soil-water characteristic curve and saturated hydraulic conductivity. The complex pore structures that often occur in porous media complicate such parametrization due to hysteresis between wetting and drying and the effects of tortuosity. Rather than estimate the parameters in Richards' equati...

Management and irrigation of plants increasingly relies on accurate mathematical models for the movement of water within unsaturated soils. Current models often use values for water content and soil parameters that are averaged over the soil profile. However, many applications require models to more accurately represent the soil–plant–atmosphere continuum, in particular, water movement and satu...

‎ introduction: controversial results have been reported about the effect of morphine and stress on learning and spatial memory in rodents. there are very few studies about the effects of ultra low doses of morphine on memory. in this study, effects of acute administration of low and usual doses of morphine on memory formation and retention in the presence and absence of repeated stress were in...

a down-flow hanging sponge (dhs) reactor has been developed for sewage treatment, mainly in developing countries. this novel reactor employs polyurethane sponge material as a support medium, which promises a proliferation of a large amount of biomass, offering excellent pollutant removal capability. three types of sponge medium were evaluated with respect to water distribution and oxygen mass t...