The sub-grid-scale parameterization of clouds is one of the weakest aspects of weather and climate modeling today, and the explicit simulation of clouds will be one of the next major achievements in numerical weather prediction. Research cloud models have been in development over the last 45 years and they continue to be an important tool for investigating clouds, cloud-systems, and other small...

An increase in world population requires growth food production. Wheat is one of the major crops, covering 21% global needs. The supply issue necessitates reliable mathematical methods for predicting wheat yields. Crop yield information necessary agricultural management and strategic planning. Our model was developed based on a three-year field experiment semi-arid climate zone. yields ranged f...

introduction water consumption improvement in agriculture is very important compare with other sections. because of existing complexity in production and exploitation processes and optimized application of irrigation water and nitrogen especially in dry and semi-dry areas facing with water constraint is an important goal in this field. yield gap analysis can help to identify how much yield incr...

This paper describes a Weather Impact Model (WIM) capable of serving a variety of predictive applications ranging from real-time operation and dayahead operation planning, to asset and outage management. The proposed model is capable of combining various weather parameters into different weather impact features of interest to a specific application. This work focuses on the development of a uni...

The wheat production in midland China is under serious threat by frequent Dry-Hot Wind (DHW) episodes with high temperature, low moisture and specific wind as well as intensive heat transfer and evapotranspiration. The numerical simulations of these episodes are important for monitoring grain yield and estimating agricultural water demand. However, uncertainties still remain despite that enormo...

We specify a three-stage production function for rice cultivation which incorporates the sequential nature of both production shocks, including weather, and input choices based on sequentially updated information sets of history of realized shocks and observed changes in crop growth. The production function is CES across stages, thus taking into account substantial complementarities between dif...

abstract in order to study the effects of irrigation regimes on physiological traits, yield and water use efficiency of potato (solanum tuberosum l.) in mashhad weather condition, an experiment was conducted in 2009 at research field of the college of agriculture, ferdowsi university of mashhad, using factorial experiment based on randomized complete blocks design with 3 replications. experimen...

1 2 ABSTRACT 3 4 The weather-sensitive Traffic Estimation and Prediction System (TrEPS) aims to accurately 5 estimate and predict traffic state under inclement weather conditions. Successful application 6 of weather-sensitive TrEPS requires detailed calibration of weather effects on traffic flow 7 model. In this paper, systematic procedures of the entire calibration process are developed, 8 fro...

A new decision support system called Apollo, which runs the CERES-Maize crop growth model, was used to study the corn (Zea mays L.) yield response and the nitrogen (N) dynamics of a cornfield in central Iowa, USA. The model was calibrated to minimize error between simulated and measured yield over five growing seasons. Model simulations were then completed for 13 spring-applied N rates in each ...