OBJECTIVE The aim of the present study was to determine the frequency and age-specific incidence rate of different histopathologic subtypes of breast cancer in Iran, and compare it to neighboring and Western countries and to discuss the probable effective main factors. METHODS National data from cancer registry for 6265 female breast cancer patients were studied in 10 histopathologic groups. ...

BACKGROUND Injecting drug users (IDUs) and prisoners are considered to be highly vulnerable to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in Iran. This study was carried out to determine the prevalence of HIV infection among IDUs released from jail in Bahar (Hamadan, Iran). METHODS In a cross-sectional study, 118 IDUs who were prisoners during 2001-07 were evaluated. Their demographic and p...

Colorectal cancer (CRC) metastasis to the thyroid gland is rare. Here we report a 45 yr-old man in western Iran referred to Hematology Clinic, Kermanshah City, Iran in March 2014 with complaint of exertional dyspnea, multi-nodular goiter as well as complaint of exertional dyspnea, and multi-nodular goiter. His history included a low anterior resection of rectum in 9 months ago for a high-risk s...

The literature on the nature and prevalence of indoor and/or outdoor aeroallergens, atopy and symptoms of rhinitis and asthma in the Middle East region (defined here as Bahrain, Egypt, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Oman, Palestine, Qatar, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia - KSA, Syria, United Arab Emirates and Yemen) was reviewed. Although documentation was poor in all countries other than...

This article analyses the ways in which the state 'treats' addiction among precarious drug (ab)users in Iran. While most Muslim-majority as well as some Western states have been reluctant to adopt harm reduction measures, the Islamic Republic of Iran has done so on a nationwide scale and through a sophisticated system of welfare intervention. Additionally, it has introduced devices of managemen...

The article observes the discourse about methodological and theoretical frameworks of sharp power’s concept. Since first publications power in 2017, this concept has already become central issue all researches on public diplomacy world. Sharp observed by western researchers as antipode soft power, which is used «authoritarian regimes» (including Russia, China, Iran a number other states) to des...

Abstract This article explores the strategic use of ‘fake news’ discourses in non-democratic contexts using a mixed-methods approach grounded social network analysis and discourse theory. In such as Russia Iran, where opposition generally does not have unrestricted access to political public sphere, media platforms serve influence discourses. Given prevalence fake news discourses, previous stud...

Abstract We present two robust and well‐dated paleomagnetic poles from upper Eocene Oligocene volcanics in the Urumieh‐Dokhtar magmatic arc, Central Iran. These place Iran ∼3.7°–3° of latitude south its position between ca. 40 23 Ma. Our new declination data indicate that block may have experienced a ∼11.6° clockwise rotation since Late Eocene. integrated our with retrodeformed margins Zagros c...

BACKGROUND We evaluated the genetic diversity of samples identified morphologically as Fasciola spp. from sheep, cattle and goat from Kermanshah Province, western Iran using PCR-RFLP method. METHODS We used PCR-RFLP analysis of ribosomal ITS1 fragment using RsaI restriction enzyme to investigate the genetic characteristics of Fasciola species obtained from different hosts (16 sheep, 28 cattle...