*T. C. Caesar-TonThat and V.L. Cochran, USDA-ARS Northern Plains Agricultural Research Laboratory, 1500 North Central, Sidney, MT 59270 *Corresponding author: [email protected]. ABSTRACT Loss of water stable aggregates due to excessive tillage has increased the potential for soil erosion in semiarid farming-systems. Fungi can be responsible for the resistance of soil aggregates to brea...

[1] An accurate description of plant ecology requires an understanding of the interplay between precipitation, infiltration, and evapotranspiration. A simple model for soil moisture dynamics, which does not resolve spatial variations in saturation, facilitates analytical expressions of soil and plant behavior as functions of climate, soil, and vegetation characteristics. Proper application of s...

Decomposing litter in forest ecosystems supplies nutrients to plants, carbon to heterotrophic soil microorganisms and is a large source of CO2 to the atmosphere. Despite its essential role in carbon and nutrient cycling, the temperature sensitivity of leaf litter decay in tropical forest ecosystems remains poorly resolved, especially in tropical montane wet forests where the warming trend may b...

Worldwide, efforts to manage atmospheric CO2 are being explored both by reducing emissions and by sequestering more carbon (C). Stem biomass, C, and nitrogen (N) parameters were measured in plots of first-generation (F1), 32-year-old black spruce (Picea mariana (Mill.) B.S.P.) from four full-sib families studied previously for drought tolerance and differential productivity on both a dry and a ...

We are interested in simulating overland flow on agricultural fields during rainfall events. The model considered is the shallow water system (or Saint-Venant equations) without infiltration, complemented with a friction term. In this context, we definitely have to cope with dry/wet interfaces and water inflow on dry soil. We present a simplified one-dimensional model, discretized with a well-b...

Floras of predominantly wet-soil environments show a greater than expected proportion of toothed leaves, affecting the outcome of leaf physiognomically based temperature estimates. New analyses of foliar physiognomy of plants growing in predominantly wet soils in modern forests suggest that current methods of inferring paleotemperatures from fossil floras yield underestimates of 2.5-10 degrees ...

Abstract. We are interested in simulating overland flow on agricultural fields during rainfall events. In this context, we definitely have to cope with dry/wet interfaces and water inflow on dry soil. The model considered is the Shallow Water system (or Saint-Venant equations) without infiltration. Moreover, the model has to be completed with friction terms. It is numerically solved by a finite...

Carbon isotopes in speleothems can vary in response to a number of complex processes active in cave systems that are both directly and indirectly related to climate. Progressing downward from the soil zone overlying the cave, these processes include soil respiration, fluid–rock interaction in the host limestone, degassing of CO2 and precipitation of calcite upflow from the speleothem drip site,...