When researchers of the AIEDCS (AI-supported Education for Computer Science) community want to exchange programming exercises as baselines for e.g., evaluation purposes, several questions related to the difficulty of exercises will arise: What kind of programming exercises are supported by an intelligent learning environment? How difficult are the programming exercises? In this paper, we invest...

Williams Syndrome (WS) is marked by a relative strength in verbal cognition coupled with a serious impairment in non-verbal cognition. A strong deficit in numerical cognition has been anecdotally reported in this disorder; however, its nature has not been systematically investigated. Here, we tested 14 children with WS (mean age=7 years 2 months), 14 typically developing controls individually m...

This longitudinal study assessed cognition in Williams syndrome (WS) over a 5 year period using the same test battery over the two occasions of testing. The aim was to explore whether absolute levels of ability and relative cognitive strengths and weaknesses remain consistent over time. 27 participants with WS were assessed using the Woodcock Johnson Test of Cognitive Ability--Revised (WJ-R COG...

Impinging jets have been used for a wide variety of applications where high rates of heat transfer are desired. This report will present a review of heat transfer correlations that have been published. The correlations were then added to the LEWICE software to evaluate the applicability of these correlations to a piccolo tube anti-icing system. The results of this analysis were then compared qu...

Prior research has indicated that pragmatics is an area of particular weakness for individuals with Williams syndrome (WS). To further address this aspect of the WS social phenotype, we used an individual differences approach to consider both cross-sectional and longitudinal relations among different pragmatic abilities for 14 children with WS, taking into account individual differences in non-...

We describe a female infant with mental retardation and some of the phenotypic features of Williams-Beuren syndrome. Chromosome analysis showed t(X;21)(q28;q11). Diagnosis, inactivation of the X chromosome, and possible involvement of the translocation breakpoints in the pathogenesis of this syndrome are discussed.

Despite growing empirical evidence to the contrary, claims continue to be made that the grammar of people with Williams syndrome (WS) is intact. We show that even in a simple elicited imitation task examining the syntax of relative clauses, older children and adults with WS (n = 14, mean age = 17;0 years) only reach the level of typical five-year-old controls. When tested systematically in a nu...

INTRODUCTION Observations of behaviour and research using eyetracking technology have shown that individuals with Williams syndrome (WS) pay an unusual amount of attention to other people's faces. The present research examines whether this attention to faces is moderated by the valence of emotional expression. METHOD Sixteen participants with WS aged between 13 and 29 years (mean = 19 years 9...

CHRISTINE D. STEWARD, J. KAMILE RASHEED, SUSANNAH K. HUBERT, JAMES W. BIDDLE, PATTI M. RANEY, GREGORY J. ANDERSON, PORTIA P. WILLIAMS, KELLEY L. BRITTAIN, ANTONIO OLIVER, JOHN E. MCGOWAN, JR., AND FRED C. TENOVER* Division of Healthcare Quality Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30333, and Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 3...