Introduction: Increasing the volume of penis by injecting various substances (paraffin, silicone, mineral oils) remains a highly controversial procedure. This procedure is usually performed patients themselves or persons without licensed medical education. Injecting these causes local inflammatory reaction with redness, pain, swelling, thickening penile skin, subsequent formation sclerosing lip...

periodontal disease is a chronic inflammatory disease which represents a primarily anaerobic gram‑negative oral infection that results in gingival inflammation, loss of attachment, bone destruction. bacterial endotoxins in the form of lipopolysaccharides (lps) that are instrumentalin generating a host‑mediated tissue destructive immune response by mobilizing their defensivecells and releasing c...

objective(s):spinal cord injury (sci) often causes serious and irreversible neurological deficit leading to disability or impairment of normal physical activity. atomoxetine, a selective norepinephrine transporter (net) inhibitor has gained much attention in the field of the neurodevelopmental disorder, but its effect on sci has not been evaluated. the present study has been undertaken to inves...

BACKGROUND Nipple-sparing techniques have improved the aesthetics of reconstruction following mastectomy, but nipple necrosis complicates up to 37% of procedures, distressing patients, delaying adjuvant therapy, and compromising outcomes. No method reliably detects nipple necrosis better than clinical assessment of tissue perfusion. We prospectively assessed the accuracy of intraoperative indoc...

Ms. W, a female older adult patient, was diagnosed with squamous cell carcinoma of the left oral cavity and underwent a wide local excision of the lesion with segmental mandibulectomy. About nine months later, she presented with an aggressive local recurrence. Because of the tumor’s location, Ms. W found oral intake to be extremely difficult; therefore, a percutaneous endoscopic gastronomy tube...

Ms. W, a female older adult patient, was diagnosed with squamous cell carcinoma of the left oral cavity and underwent a wide local excision of the lesion with segmental mandibulectomy. About nine months later, she presented with an aggressive local recurrence. Because of the tumor’s location, Ms. W found oral intake to be extremely difficult; therefore, a percutaneous endoscopic gastronomy tube...

introduction: cardiac remodeling after myocardial infarction, is associated with progressive ventricular dysfunction and cardiovascular death. the purpose of this study was to examine the effect of endurance exercise training on morphological changes in rat heart tissue following experimental myocardial infarction. materials and methods: rats used in this experiment (8-10 weeks old, 235 ± 5 g b...