The nubbin gene is required for normal growth and patterning of the wing in Drosophila. We report here that nubbin encodes a member of the POU family of transcription factors. Regulatory mutants which selectively remove nubbin expression from wing imaginal discs lead to loss of wing structures. Although nubbin is expressed throughout the wing primordium, analysis of genetic mosaics suggests a l...

INTRODUCTION Mass production of mosquitoes under laboratory conditions allows implementing methods to control vector mosquitoes. Colony development depends on mosquito size and weight. Body size can be estimated from its correlation with wing size, whereas weight is more difficult to determine. Our goal was to test whether wing size can predict the weight. METHODS We compared dry weight and w...

This article discusses stress analysis and the shape characteristics of the inflatable wing, and then introduces the design method of inflatable wing, in order to accurately approximate a standard airfoil. It specifically analyses the aerodynamic characteristics of the inflatable wing with the method of CFD, along with comparing to standard airfoil, afterwards we carries out the manufacture of ...

Here N2 is the number of triangles in the simplicial manifold consisting of N4 four-simplices and the topology is chosen to be that of S. (For more details see [1].) We recall that the system has two phases, a crumpled phase at low 2 and an elongated phase at high 2. The model is supposed to represent the quantum gravitational path integral over euclidean spacetimes weighted with the Regge-Eins...

Introduction: Children are one of the most vulnerable groups to sub-optimal nutritional intake in most societies. We have investigated some of the potential determinants of malnutrition in children of 2-5 years of age.   Methods and Materials: A cross sectional study was conducted to determine the relationship between nutritional status (weight for age, height for age and weight for height) and...

We report a comprehensive scaling law and novel lift generation mechanisms relevant to the aerodynamic functions of structural flexibility in insect flight. Using a Navier-Stokes equation solver, fully coupled to a structural dynamics solver, we consider the hovering motion of a wing of insect size, in which the dynamics of fluid-structure interaction leads to passive wing rotation. Lift genera...

Wing drag reduction poses a real challenge in aerospace engineering. At the subsonic speed level, drag reduction can be achieved by increasing laminar flow over the wing. This work focuses on the development and validation of the numerical model of an experimental adaptive wing with improved laminar flow. The wing is composed of a rigid structure forming intrados and wing-box, flexible extrados...

The Drosophila gene Serrate (Ser) encodes a transmembrane protein with 14 epidermal growth factor--like repeats in its extracellular domain, which is required for the control of cell proliferation and pattern formation during wing development. Flies hetero- or homozygous for the dominant mutation SerD exhibit scalloping of the wing margin due to cell death during pupal stages. SerD is associate...

The wings in different insect species are morphologically distinct with regards to their size, outer contour (margin) shape, venation, and pigmentation. The basis of the diversity of wing margin shapes remains unknown, despite the fact that gene networks governing the Drosophila wing development have been well characterised. Among the different types of wing margin shapes, smoothly curved conto...

A cyclometalated complex of Ir(III) is covalently tethered to DNA oligonucleotides and serves as both a photooxidant and photoreductant in the study of DNA-mediated hole transport (HT) and electron transport (ET). Spectroscopic and melting temperature studies support intercalation of the tethered complex into the DNA duplex through the functionalized dppz ligand. Using these tethered assemblies...