In this paper, the equation of motion of an elastic 2 DoF wing model has been derived using Lagranges method. The aerodynamic loads on the wing were calculated via the Strip-Theory and the effect of compressibility was included. Wing deflections due to bending and twist motions were determined using the Assume-Mode method. The aeroelastic equations were solved numerically using the V-g method. ...

Flapping wing deformation influences the aerodynamics of insect flight. This is dictated by dynamical properties wing, particularly its vibration spectra and mode shapes. However, researchers have not yet developed artificial wings with shapes that are identical to their biological counterparts. The goal present work develop both isospectral isomodal respect real wings. To do so, we characteriz...

females in their large eye facets, stout bristles and coarse wings, and resemble diploid metafemales in their rough eyes and narrow wings with cut and excised inner margins. Viability of triploid metafemales is much higher than that of diploid metafemales and they are also partially fertile. Five of the 49 triploid metafemales collected were fertile, these 5 producing a total of 48 offspring. T...

An aeroelastic stability analysis is presented for high-aspect ratio composite wings. The structural model is based on an asymptotically correct crosssectional formulation and a nonlinear geometric exact beam analysis, both derivable from 3-D elasticity. A new 2-D unsteady inflow finite-state theory is considered for the aerodynamic part of the solution. Theodorsen theory is also implemented an...

The stiffness of insect wings is typically determined through experimental measurements. Such experiments are performed on wings removed from insects. However, the wings are subject to desiccation which typically leads to an increase in their stiffness. Although this effect of desiccation is well known, a comprehensive study of the rate of change in stiffness of desiccating insect wings would b...

Direct pressure measurements using electronic differential pressure transducers along bird wings provide insight into the aerodynamics of these dynamically varying aerofoils. Acceleration-compensated pressures were measured at five sites distributed proximally to distally from the tertials to the primaries along the wings of Canada geese. During take-off flight, ventral-to-dorsal pressure is ma...

The low Reynolds numbers (< 5 × 10) flows over wings have some unique features specially concerning separation. A comprehensive knowledge about this flight regime is extremely important for the autonomous aircrafts (UAV), since a large percentage of these vehicles operated in this regime. In this report we simulate numerically the wind-tunnel experiments for two different wings inspired in the ...

Wings were a fundamental morphological innovation for the adaptive radiation of insects, the most diversified group among all animals. Pterygote insects have two pairs of wings, the mesothoracic (T2) forewings and the metathoracic (T3) hindwings, whereas the prothorax (T1) is wingless. Using RNA interference approaches, we have found that the gene Sex combs reduced (Scr) determines the wingless...

Neuroanatomical evidence argues for the presence of taste sensilla in Drosophila wings; however, the taste physiology of insect wings remains hypothetical, and a comprehensive link to mechanical functions, such as flight, wing flapping, and grooming, is lacking. Our data show that the sensilla of the Drosophila anterior wing margin respond to both sweet and bitter molecules through an increase ...

The certainty that a species is accurately identified is the cornerstone of appearance based classification; however the methods used in classical taxonomy have yet to fully catch up with the digital age. Recognising this, the CO1 algorithm presented on the StripeSpotter platform was used to identify different species and sexes of mosquito wings (Diptera: Culicidae) and honey bee and bumblebee ...