Introduction: Happiness is accounted for one of the psychological health criteria, and it is person's judgment from satisfaction of quality of life. Pregnancy is an experience that changes physical, social and mental of women. But the attitude of women towards their pregnancy are important and for a woman who has healthy pregnancy according to psychological, it  is a Manifestation of a sense of...

<p>The primary purpose of this paper is to explain the approach or method used by Abraham Geiger in criticizing Qur’an and Prophet Muhammad. This essential see consistency criticism that uses how it influences perspectives understanding Aside from being an Orientalist whom Judaism greatly influenced, was first Western thinker criticize Qur'an Muhammad his dissertation. Through document st...

The status of Jewish identity in cases conversion to another religion is a contentious issue and was brought the forefront public attention with 1962 court case Oswald Rufeisen, convert Christianity known as Br. Daniel, which led shift way that state Israel defines for purposes citizenship. At same time, however, test conflicting interpretations after playing out Rufeisen’s own monastery, hidde...

The revolt commanded by Lucifer in the heaven marked a start in the cosmology of Christianity. Although scholars agree the problem of evilness as one of the most vivid contradictions of Catholic Church, it is clear that God forgives its life. Unlike other traditions or mythologies where the Gods kill the dissidents or inflict unbearable torments, Judaism and Christianity continue the dialectic ...

Orthodox Judaism expects new brides and grooms to engage in sexual intercourse on the first night of marriage or soon thereafter, despite stringent norms forbidding premarital physical contact. Any delay for more than several weeks in consummating a marriage is seen as problematic and worthy of rabbinic or professional attention. This article examines traditional Jewish sources for this emphasi...

In the conclusion of his article entitled “The Angelic Spirit in Early Judaism,” John R. Levison invited the scholarly community to use his work as “a suitable foundation for discussion of the angelic spirit” in early Christianity. A few years later, in his study of angelomorphic christology, Charles A. Gieschen highlighted the need for similar work in the field of early pneumatology. The case ...