BACKGROUND Childhood caloric restriction may lead to permanent changes in the hypothalamo-pituitary-gonadal axis, which could lead to impaired female reproductive ability. We assessed the effect of childhood exposure to the 1944-1945 Dutch famine on subsequent female reproductive function. METHODS This was a population-based cohort study in Utrecht, The Netherlands. Between 1983 and 1985, 603...

Scurvy has increasingly been recognized in archaeological populations since the 1980s but this study represents the first examination of the paleopathological findings of scurvy in a known famine population. The Great Famine (1845-1852) was a watershed in Irish history and resulted in the death of one million people and the mass emigration of just as many. It was initiated by a blight which com...

1. Introduction: Legacy of food insecurity in Malawi Reports of a devastating famine in Malawi first surfaced as rumors whispered in rural areas in the country around October 2001. However, little was done by way of action. Government officials in Lilongwe and members of the donor community were hard pressed to believe or act on the problem even as civil society groups such as the Malawi Econom...

OBJECTIVE Food concocting, or making strange food mixtures, is well documented in the famine and experimental semistarvation literature and appears anecdotally in rare descriptions of eating disorder (ED) patients but has never been scientifically investigated. Here we do so in the context of binge-eating using a "famine hypothesis of concocting." METHOD A sample of 552 adults varying in bing...

I argue that the debate concerning nature of first-person moral judgment, namely, whether such judgments are inherently motivating (internalism) or can be made in absence motivation (externalism), may founded on a faulty assumption: form distinct kind must have some shared, essential features regards to act. there is little reason suppose homogenous class this respect by considering an ordinary...

Famine is conventionally portrayed as a natural disaster expressed in terms of food scarcity and culminating in starvation. This view has attracted criticism in recent years as the political, legal and social dimensions of famine have become more clearly understood. This paper draws upon these criticisms to understand the particular conditions of famine creation in conflict situations. Followin...

arguments between scientists advocating for vitamins versus those who emphasised minerals went ‘beyond alleviating the effects of malnutrition’ and entered into discussions about national mortality, disability and state responsibility in setting standards for national and international food and nutrition policies. A key goal of professionalising nutrition science was the effort to establish nat...

BACKGROUND Fetal programming of adult disease may be a long-term effect of fetal nutrition. Expected short-term effects include changes in body size and proportions at birth. The specific responses of fetal growth to acute undernutrition at varying points in pregnancy are still unclear. METHODS We abstracted all birth records of infants born in two midwife training schools in the western Neth...

Early nutritional deprivation might cause irreversible damage to the brain. Prenatal exposure to undernutrition has been shown to be associated with increased central nervous system anomalies at birth and decreased cognitive function in adulthood. Little is known about the potential effect on the brain in older age. We investigated brain size and structure at age 68 years after prenatal famine ...