A liquid-xenon-jet laser-plasma source for extreme-ultraviolet ~EUV! and soft-x-ray generation has been characterized. Being a source candidate for EUV lithography ~EUVL!, we especially focus on parameters important for the integration of the source in EUVL systems. The deep-ultraviolet ~DUV! out-of-band radiation ~l5120–400 nm! was quantified, to within a factor of two, using a flying-circus t...

The (ab initio) effective potential method developed previously has been applied to several molecules in order to establish a basis set and effective potential for iodine and to examine aspects of the potential surfaces of hypervalent compounds of iodine. Implied lone-pair stereochemical activity is found to agree well with experiment. Results for the structures and force constants closely rese...

BACKGROUND Some inhalation anesthetics increase apoptotic cell death in the developing brain. Xenon, an inhalation anesthetic, increases neuroprotection when combined with therapeutic hypothermia after hypoxic-ischemic brain injury in newborn animals. The authors, therefore, examined whether there was any neuroapoptotic effect of breathing 50% xenon with continuous fentanyl sedation for 24 h at...

BACKGROUND Ischemic preconditioning is an important intrinsic mechanism for neuroprotection. Preconditioning can also be achieved by exposure of neurons to K+ channel-opening drugs that act on adenosine triphosphate-sensitive K+ (K(ATP)) channels. However, these agents do not readily cross the blood-brain barrier. Inhalational anesthetics which easily partition into brain have been shown to pre...

Using a single maskless postprocessing step we have developed an accelerometer in a standard commercial CMOS process capable of a sensitive axis parallel or perpendicular to the die surface. Our postprocess is realized using xenon difluoride (XeF2) as a bulk etchant. The combination of this etchant and the standard CMOS process allows realization of cantilevers with piezoresistive sensors in al...

There are few reports on anaesthesia for patients with Eisenmenger's syndrome requiring non-cardiac surgery and none of the use of xenon. We describe the use of xenon with a closed-circuit system in a patient with Eisenmenger's syndrome having a laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

The (ab initio) effective potential method developed previously has been applied to several molecules in order to establish a basis set and effective potential for iodine and to examine aspects of the potential surfaces of hypervalent compounds of iodine. Implied lone-pair stereochemical activity is found to agree well with experiment. Results for the structures and force constants closely rese...